A nurse is reviewing the laboratory reports of a client who is undergoing nutritional screening due to a risk for chronic kidney disease. The nurse should identify that which of the following results indicates the need for further assessment?
Serum creatinine 3.5 mg/dL
Hematocrit 45%
Blood urea nitrogen 18 mg/dL
Sodium 140 mEq/L
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Serum creatinine 3.5 mg/dL is high and indicates the need for further assessment. Creatinine is a waste product of muscle metabolism that is filtered by the kidneys. High creatinine levels can indicate kidney damage or impaired renal function.
Choice B reason: Hematocrit 45% is within the normal range (37-47% for women, 40-50% for men), and it does not indicate the need for further assessment. Hematocrit is the percentage of red blood cells in the blood. Low hematocrit levels can indicate anemia, bleeding, or hemolysis.
Choice C reason: Blood urea nitrogen 18 mg/dL is within the normal range (7-20), and it does not indicate the need for further assessment. Blood urea nitrogen is a waste product of protein metabolism that is filtered by the kidneys. High blood urea nitrogen levels can indicate dehydration, kidney damage, or high protein intake.
Choice D reason: Sodium 140 mEq/L is within the normal range (135-145), and it does not indicate the need for further assessment. Sodium is an electrolyte that helps maintain fluid balance, blood pressure, and nerve impulses. Low or high sodium levels can cause confusion, seizures, or coma.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Gelatin is an incomplete protein, meaning it does not contain all nine essential amino acids that the body cannot synthesize.
Choice B reason: Legumes are incomplete proteins, but they can be combined with grains, nuts, seeds, or dairy products to form complete proteins.
Choice C reason: Almonds are incomplete proteins, but they can be combined with other foods to form complete proteins.
Choice D reason: Salmon is a complete protein, meaning it contains all nine essential amino acids that the body needs.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Eating more tuna is not an appropriate food choice for a client who has gout because it is high in purines, which are substances that break down into uric acid in the body. Uric acid can form crystals in the joints and cause inflammation and pain, which are symptoms of gout. Tuna should be limited or avoided by clients who have gout.
Choice B reason: Eating more red meat is not an appropriate food choice for a client who has gout because it is high in purines, which are substances that break down into uric acid in the body. Uric acid can form crystals in the joints and cause inflammation and pain, which are symptoms of gout. Red meat should be limited or avoided by clients who have gout.
Choice C reason: Eating blueberries every morning is an appropriate food choice for a client who has gout because they are low in purines and high in antioxidants, which are substances that protect the cells from damage caused by free radicals. Antioxidants can help reduce inflammation and pain, which are symptoms of gout. Blueberries also provide vitamin C, fiber, and water for the client.
Choice D reason: Eating bananas for a snack is not an appropriate food choice for a client who has gout because they are high in fructose, which is a type of sugar that can increase uric acid levels in the blood. Fructose can worsen gout attacks by triggering inflammation and pain in the joints. Bananas should be limited or avoided by clients who have gout.
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