A nurse is reviewing the laboratory report of a client who has hypoparathyroidism. The nurse should expect which of the following values?
Phosphate 5.7 mg/dL
Vitamin D 25 ng/mL
Calcium 9.8 mg/dL
Magnesium 1.8 mEq/L
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Phosphate 5.7 mg/dL is an elevated value, as the normal range is 2.5 to 4.5 mg/dL. Hypoparathyroidism causes low levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH), which regulates calcium and phosphorus balance in the body. Low PTH leads to low calcium and high phosphorus levels in the blood.
Choice B reason: Vitamin D 25 ng/mL is a normal value, as the normal range is 20 to 50 ng/mL. Hypoparathyroidism does not directly affect vitamin D levels, but vitamin D supplements may be given to help increase calcium absorption and lower phosphorus levels in the blood.
Choice C reason: Calcium 9.8 mg/dL is a normal value, as the normal range is 8.6 to 10.2 mg/dL. Hypoparathyroidism causes low levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH), which regulates calcium and phosphorus balance in the body. Low PTH leads to low calcium and high phosphorus levels in the blood. However, calcium levels may be normal or near- normal in some cases of hypoparathyroidism, especially if the condition is mild or well-controlled with treatment.
Choice D reason: Magnesium 1.8 mEq/L is a normal value, as the normal range is 1.5 to 2.5 mEq/L. Hypoparathyroidism does not directly affect magnesium levels, but magnesium deficiency can cause or worsen hypoparathyroidism, as magnesium is needed for PTH secretion and action. Magnesium supplements may be given to correct magnesium deficiency and improve PTH function.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Roast chicken with white rice is a low-fiber, easy-to-digest meal that is suitable for a client who has recovered from the acute phase of diverticulitis. A low-fiber diet can help reduce the stress on the colon and allow it to heal. White rice is a refined grain that has less fiber than whole grains, such as brown rice or quinoa12.
Choice B reason: A poached egg with sliced tomatoes is not a good choice for a client who has recovered from the acute phase of diverticulitis. Although eggs are a good source of protein and do not contain fiber, tomatoes are high in fiber and may irritate the colon. Tomatoes also have seeds, which were previously thought to cause problems for people with diverticular disease, but there is no evidence to support this. However, some people may still find them uncomfortable to eat13.
Choice C reason: Bean soup with steamed broccoli is not a good choice for a client who has recovered from the acute phase of diverticulitis. Beans and broccoli are both high in fiber and may cause gas, bloating, and cramping in the colon. A high-fiber diet is recommended for people with diverticulosis (the presence of pouches without inflammation) to prevent constipation and diverticulitis, but it should be avoided during or shortly after an episode of diverticulitis12.
Choice D reason: Ham sandwich on white bread is not a good choice for a client who has recovered from the acute phase of diverticulitis. Although white bread is low in fiber, ham is a processed meat that may increase the risk of developing diverticular disease. Research suggests that a diet high in red meat and processed meat may contribute to inflammation and infection of the pouches in the colon.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A: Blurred vision is not a typical finding of hypothyroidism. It can be caused by other conditions, such as diabetes, glaucoma, or eye strain.
Choice B: Bradycardia is a slow heart rate, usually below 60 beats per minute. This is a common finding of hypothyroidism, as the thyroid hormone regulates the metabolic rate and affects the cardiovascular system. Low levels of thyroid hormone can cause the heart to beat slower and weaker.
Choice C: Insomnia is difficulty falling or staying asleep. This is not a common finding of hypothyroidism, as low thyroid hormone levels can cause fatigue, lethargy, and excessive sleepiness.
Choice D: Moist skin is not a common finding of hypothyroidism, as low thyroid hormone levels can cause dry skin, hair loss, and britle nails. Moist skin can be a sign of hyperthyroidism, which is the opposite condition of hypothyroidism.
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