A nurse is reviewing the laboratory report of a client who has hypoparathyroidism. The nurse should expect which of the following values?

Phosphate 5.7 mg/dL

Vitamin D 25 ng/mL

Calcium 9.8 mg/dL

Magnesium 1.8 mEq/L

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: Phosphate 5.7 mg/dL is an elevated value, as the normal range is 2.5 to 4.5 mg/dL. Hypoparathyroidism causes low levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH), which regulates calcium and phosphorus balance in the body. Low PTH leads to low calcium and high phosphorus levels in the blood.

Choice B reason: Vitamin D 25 ng/mL is a normal value, as the normal range is 20 to 50 ng/mL. Hypoparathyroidism does not directly aﬀect vitamin D levels, but vitamin D supplements may be given to help increase calcium absorption and lower phosphorus levels in the blood.

Choice C reason: Calcium 9.8 mg/dL is a normal value, as the normal range is 8.6 to 10.2 mg/dL. Hypoparathyroidism causes low levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH), which regulates calcium and phosphorus balance in the body. Low PTH leads to low calcium and high phosphorus levels in the blood. However, calcium levels may be normal or near- normal in some cases of hypoparathyroidism, especially if the condition is mild or well-controlled with treatment.

Choice D reason: Magnesium 1.8 mEq/L is a normal value, as the normal range is 1.5 to 2.5 mEq/L. Hypoparathyroidism does not directly aﬀect magnesium levels, but magnesium deficiency can cause or worsen hypoparathyroidism, as magnesium is needed for PTH secretion and action. Magnesium supplements may be given to correct magnesium deficiency and improve PTH function.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A: Thyroxine (T4) level. This is incorrect because T4 is one of the thyroid hormones that is increased in hyperthyroidism. T4 is produced by the thyroid gland and converted to T3 in the tissues. A high level of T4 indicates overactivity of the thyroid gland.1

Choice B: Triiodothyronine (T3) level. This is incorrect because T3 is another thyroid hormone that is increased in hyperthyroidism. T3 is the more active form of thyroid hormone and regulates the metabolism of cells. A high level of T3 indicates overactivity of the thyroid gland.1

Choice C: Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level. This is correct because TSH is a hormone that stimulates the thyroid gland to produce T4 and T3. TSH is produced by the pituitary gland and regulated by a feedback mechanism. When the levels of T4 and T3 are high, the pituitary gland reduces the secretion of TSH to inhibit further production of thyroid hormones. Therefore, a low level of TSH indicates hyperthyroidism.1

Choice D: Glucose level. This is incorrect because glucose level is not directly related to thyroid function. However, hyperthyroidism can aﬀect glucose metabolism and cause increased blood sugar levels due to increased breakdown of glycogen and glucose uptake by cells. Therefore, glucose level may be elevated in some cases of hyperthyroidism, but it is not a specific indicator.

A. “I should avoid injecting insulin into my thigh if I am going to go running.” B. “I will carry a complex carbohydrate snack with me when I exercise.” C. “I should exercise first thing in the morning before eating breakfast.” D. “I will increase the intensity of my exercise routine if my urine is positive for ketones.”

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Injecting insulin into a muscle that is going to be exercised can increase the absorption of insulin and lower the blood glucose level, leading to hypoglycemia. Therefore, it is advisable to avoid injecting insulin into the same body part that will be involved in the exercise.

Choice B reason: Carrying a complex carbohydrate snack with you when you exercise is not a good idea. Complex carbohydrates take longer to digest and raise the blood glucose level slowly. They are not suitable for treating or preventing hypoglycemia during or after exercise. A simple carbohydrate snack, such as glucose tablets, juice or candy, is more appropriate for this purpose.

Choice C reason: Exercising first thing in the morning before eating breakfast is not recommended for people with type 1 diabetes. This can cause a drop in blood glucose level and increase the risk of hypoglycemia. It is beter to have a balanced breakfast that includes some carbohydrates and adjust the insulin dose accordingly before exercising.

Choice D reason: Increasing the intensity of your exercise routine if your urine is positive for ketones is a dangerous practice. Ketones are produced when the body breaks down fat for energy due to lack of insulin or glucose. High levels of ketones can lead to diabetic ketoacidosis, a life-threatening condition that requires urgent medical atention. Intense exercise can raise the blood glucose level further and worsen the situation. If your urine is positive for ketones, you should avoid vigorous activity and check your blood glucose and ketone levels frequently.

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A nurse is reviewing the laboratory report of a client who has hypoparathyroidism. The nurse should expect which of the following values?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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