A nurse is reviewing the electronic medical record of a middle-aged client who was admitted following a stroke. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a modifiable risk factor for stroke?

Hypertension

Client's age

History of sickle cell disease

Parent who has cardiovascular disease

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A Reason:

Hypertension is correct. This is a modifiable risk factor for stroke. Hypertension, or high blood pressure, significantly increases the risk of stroke. Treating and controlling hypertension through lifestyle changes and medication can help reduce the risk of stroke.

Choice B Reason:

Client's age is incorrect. While age itself is not modifiable, age is a non-modifiable risk factor for stroke. Risk of stroke increases with age, particularly in individuals over 55 years old. However, other modifiable risk factors can be addressed to reduce overall risk.

Choice C Reason:

History of sickle cell disease is incorrect. Sickle cell disease is a genetic disorder characterized by abnormal hemoglobin in red blood cells. While sickle cell disease increases the risk of certain complications, such as stroke in children, it is not a modifiable risk factor in the traditional sense.

Choice D Reason:

Parent who has cardiovascular disease is incorrect. While having a parent with cardiovascular disease may indicate a genetic predisposition to certain risk factors, it is not a direct modifiable risk factor for stroke. However, individuals with a family history of cardiovascular disease may have increased awareness and motivation to address modifiable risk factors such as hypertension, smoking, and diabetes.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is inappropriate.COPD is a chronic lung disease characterized by airflow limitation. While COPD does not directly cause spinal stenosis, some individuals with COPD may have comorbidities or risk factors, such as osteoporosis or degenerative changes in the spine, which can contribute to spinal stenosis.

Choice B Reason:

Laminectomy is appropriate. A laminectomy is a surgical procedure used to decompress the spinal cord or nerves by removing the lamina (back part of the vertebra). While a laminectomy can be a treatment option for spinal stenosis, it is not a risk factor for developing the condition.

Choice C Reason:

Hysterectomy is inappropriate. Hysterectomy, the surgical removal of the uterus, is not directly associated with spinal stenosis. However, certain conditions or factors leading to a hysterectomy, such as pelvic tumors or endometriosis, may indirectly contribute to spinal stenosis if they cause changes in the spine or affect posture.

Choice D Reason:

Hyperthyroidism is appropriate. Hyperthyroidism, a condition characterized by excessive production of thyroid hormones, is not a known risk factor for spinal stenosis.

A. Temperature sensitivity B. Contractures C. Sexual dysfunction D. Disc degeneration E. Urinary tract infections

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

Spinal cord injuries can disrupt the autonomic nervous system, impairing the body's ability to regulate temperature (thermoregulation). This can lead to temperature sensitivity, with clients experiencing issues such as difficulty sweating, shivering, or adapting to extreme temperatures.

Choice B Reason:

Contractures, which are the shortening and tightening of muscles, tendons, or ligaments, can occur as a complication of spinal cord injuries. Immobility and spasticity commonly seen in SCI can contribute to the development of contractures.

Choice C Reason:

Sexual dysfunction is a common complication of spinal cord injuries. SCI can affect sexual function and reproductive health due to changes in sensation, mobility, and autonomic nervous system function.

Choice D Reason:

Disc degeneration, or degenerative disc disease, typically occurs as a result of aging and wear and tear on the spinal discs. While SCI may lead to changes in spinal alignment and biomechanics, it is not a direct cause of disc degeneration.

Choice E Reason:

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common complication of spinal cord injuries. Neurogenic bladder dysfunction, which is common in SCI, can lead to urinary retention, incomplete bladder emptying, and urinary stasis, increasing the risk of UTIs.

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A nurse is reviewing the electronic medical record of a middle-aged client who was admitted following a stroke. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a modifiable risk factor for stroke?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has spinal stenosis. Which of the following conditions should the nurse recognize as a risk factor for spinal stenosis?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is providing teaching about potential complications to a client who has a spinal cord injury. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching as a common complication of spinal cord injuries? (Select All that Apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]

Explanation

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