A nurse is reviewing the EKG strip of a client who has prolonged vomiting. Which of the following abnormalities on the client's EKG should the nurse interpret as a sign of hypokalemia?
Inverted P wave
Wide ORS
Elevated ST segment
Abnormally prominent U wave
The Correct Answer is D
A. Inverted P wave: An inverted P wave may indicate atrial depolarization abnormalities but is not typically associated with hypokalemia. It can be seen in conditions such as atrial enlargement or atrial ischemia. However, in hypokalemia, the P wave may become flattened or have a decreased amplitude, but it is less likely to be inverted.
B. Wide QRS: A wide QRS complex may indicate conduction abnormalities or bundle branch blocks, but it is not specifically associated with hypokalemia. Wide QRS complexes are more commonly seen in conditions such as bundle branch blocks or electrolyte imbalances like hyperkalemia. Hypokalemia tends to cause a prolongation of the QT interval rather than widening of the QRS complex.
C. Elevated ST segment: An elevated ST segment is typically associated with myocardial injury or infarction, not hypokalemia. It can be indicative of conditions such as myocardial ischemia or pericarditis. In hypokalemia, ST segment changes are more likely to be flattened or depressed rather than elevated.
D. Abnormally prominent U wave: An abnormally prominent U wave is a classic EKG finding in hypokalemia. Hypokalemia prolongs the repolarization phase of the cardiac action potential, leading to the appearance of U waves following the T wave. These U waves can become more pronounced as potassium levels decrease. Therefore, an abnormally prominent U wave is a significant indicator of hypokalemia on an EKG, especially in a patient with prolonged vomiting, which can lead to potassium depletion. Thus, it is the most pertinent abnormality to interpret in this context.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Requesting an order for an antiemetic may be necessary if the client continues to experience nausea, but it is not the first action the nurse should take. Before administering medication, the nurse should assess the client's vital signs and overall condition to determine the appropriate intervention.
B. While a dietitian consult may be beneficial to address the client's nutritional needs, it is not the first action the nurse should take in response to the client's symptoms of nausea and weakness. Assessing the client's vital signs and condition should be the priority.
C. Suggesting that the client rests before eating the meal may be helpful, but it does not address the underlying cause of the client's symptoms. The nurse should first assess the client's vital signs to determine the severity of the symptoms and any potential complications.
D. Checking the client's vital signs is the first action the nurse should take in response to the client's symptoms of nausea and weakness. Vital signs, including blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature, can provide valuable information about the client's hemodynamic status and help identify any potential complications, such as dehydration or worsening heart failure. Based on the vital signs assessment, the nurse can then implement appropriate interventions, such as notifying the healthcare provider or providing symptomatic relief.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Take the medication with meals: Beclomethasone is an inhaled corticosteroid used to prevent asthma symptoms. It should be taken as prescribed by the healthcare provider, usually inhaled at specific times each day. Taking the medication with meals is not necessary, as it does not affect its efficacy or absorption.
B. Check the pulse after medication administration: Checking the pulse is not typically indicated after administering inhaled beclomethasone. Beclomethasone is a corticosteroid inhaler used for long-term control of asthma symptoms and is not associated with significant cardiovascular effects that would necessitate pulse monitoring.
C. Limit caffeine intake: Limiting caffeine intake is not specifically related to the administration of inhaled beclomethasone. However, caffeine can exacerbate some asthma symptoms in susceptible individuals, so general advice to limit caffeine intake may be beneficial for managing asthma symptoms overall. Still, it's not directly related to the administration of this medication.
D. Rinse the mouth after administration: This is the correct action. Inhaled corticosteroids like beclomethasone can cause local side effects such as oral candidiasis (thrush) or dysphonia (hoarseness) due to deposition of the medication in the mouth and throat. Rinsing the mouth with water after each dose helps minimize these side effects by reducing the amount of medication left in the mouth, thereby decreasing the risk of oral candidiasis and other local adverse effects.
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