A nurse is completing a medication history for a client who reports using over-the-counter calcium carbonate antacid. Which of the following recommendations should the nurse make about taking this medication?

Drink a glass of water after taking the medication.

Decrease bulk in the diet to counteract the adverse effect of diarrhea.

Take the medication with dairy products to increase absorption.

Reduce sodium intake.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: This is correct. Drinking a glass of water after taking calcium carbonate antacid can help flush the medication down the esophagus and into the stomach, where it can neutralize the excess acid. It can also prevent the medication from sticking to the esophagus and causing irritation or damage¹.

Choice B reason: This is incorrect. Decreasing bulk in the diet is not necessary when taking calcium carbonate antacid. In fact, increasing fiber intake can help prevent constipation, which is a common side effect of calcium carbonate antacid. Constipation occurs because calcium carbonate can reduce the motility of the gastrointestinal tract.

Choice C reason: This is incorrect. Taking the medication with dairy products can decrease absorption and effectiveness of calcium carbonate antacid. Dairy products contain calcium, which can bind to calcium carbonate and form insoluble complexes that are not absorbed by the body. This can reduce the amount of calcium carbonate available to neutralize the stomach acid.

Choice D reason: This is incorrect. Reducing sodium intake is not related to taking calcium carbonate antacid. Sodium is a mineral that regulates fluid balance, blood pressure, and nerve and muscle function in the body. Some medications, such as diuretics, can increase sodium excretion and require the patient to limit sodium intake. Calcium carbonate antacid is not one of them.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: This is incorrect. Taking antacids does not protect the stomach from the irritation caused by spicy foods. Antacids only reduce the acidity of the stomach contents, but they do not heal the ulcer or prevent further damage.

Choice B reason: This is incorrect. Taking antacids does not affect the digestion of carbohydrates or any other nutrients. Antacids only act on stomach acid, not on the enzymes that break down food.

Choice C reason: This is incorrect. Taking antacids does not stop the stomach from producing acid. Antacids only react with the acid that is already present in the stomach, but they do not inhibit the secretion of acid by the stomach cells.

Choice D reason: This is correct. Taking antacids will help neutralize the acid that is already in the stomach, which can relieve the pain and discomfort caused by the ulcer. Antacids can also form a protective coating over the ulcer, which can help it heal faster.

A. “This medication should be taken after eating to reduce nausea.” B. “This medication should not be taken with starfruit.” C. “This medication may make me tired and confused.” D. “This medication may cause rebound nausea.”

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: “This medication should be taken after eating to reduce nausea.” is not a correct statement that demonstrates understanding about ondansetron. Ondansetron is a medication that prevents nausea and vomiting by blocking the action of serotonin, a chemical that stimulates the vomiting center in the brain. Ondansetron can be taken with or without food, and it does not affect the digestion or absorption of food. Ondansetron is usually taken before the start of chemotherapy, radiation, or surgery, which are the common causes of nausea and vomiting.

Choice B reason: “This medication should not be taken with starfruit.” is not a correct statement that demonstrates understanding about ondansetron. Ondansetron is a medication that prevents nausea and vomiting by blocking the action of serotonin, a chemical that stimulates the vomiting center in the brain. Ondansetron does not interact with starfruit, which is a tropical fruit that contains substances that can inhibit the enzyme CYP3A4, which is involved in the metabolism of many drugs. Ondansetron is mainly metabolized by another enzyme, CYP1A2, and it has a low potential for drug interactions¹.

Choice C reason: “This medication may make me tired and confused.” is a correct statement that demonstrates understanding about ondansetron. Ondansetron is a medication that prevents nausea and vomiting by blocking the action of serotonin, a chemical that stimulates the vomiting center in the brain. Ondansetron can also cross the blood brain barrier and affect other serotonin receptors in the brain, which are involved in regulating mood, cognition, and sleep. Ondansetron can cause side effects such as fatigue, drowsiness, headache, and confusion, which can impair the mental alertness and performance of the client. The client should be advised to avoid driving, operating machinery, or doing other tasks that require attention after taking ondansetron.

Choice D reason: “This medication may cause rebound nausea.” is not a correct statement that demonstrates understanding about ondansetron. Ondansetron is a medication that prevents nausea and vomiting by blocking the action of serotonin, a chemical that stimulates the vomiting center in the brain. Ondansetron does not cause rebound nausea, which is a condition of nausea that occurs after the discontinuation of a medication that suppresses nausea. Ondansetron is not a medication that suppresses nausea, but rather prevents it by blocking the stimulation of the vomiting center. Ondansetron does not cause dependence or withdrawal symptoms, and it can be stopped without causing rebound nausea.

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A nurse is completing a medication history for a client who reports using over-the-counter calcium carbonate antacid. Which of the following recommendations should the nurse make about taking this medication?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is teaching a patient who has been diagnosed with a gastric ulcer and has been prescribed an antacid. The patient demonstrates understanding when they state:

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The client prescribed ondansetron (Zofran) for persistent nausea and vomiting demonstrates understanding about his medication when he states:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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