A nurse is reinforcing teaching with the mother of a newborn who is small for gestational age. Which of the following should the nurse include as a cause of this condition?
Placental insufficiency
Primipara
Maternal obesity
Perinatal asphyxia
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason:
Placental insufficiency is a condition in which the placenta does not deliver enough oxygen and nutrients to the developing baby, resulting in restricted growth and development. This is one of the most common causes of SGA babies.
Choice B reason:
Primipara means a woman who is pregnant for the first time or who has given birth to one child. Primipara is not a cause of SGA, although some studies have suggested that first-time mothers may have a slightly higher risk of having a low-birth-weight baby than multiparous women.
Choice C reason:
Maternal obesity is a condition in which the mother has a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or higher before or during pregnancy. Maternal obesity is not a cause of SGA, but rather a risk factor for having a large-for-gestational-age (LGA) baby, which can lead to complications such as macrosomia, shoulder dystocia, and birth trauma.
Choice D reason:
Perinatal asphyxia is a condition in which the baby does not receive enough oxygen before, during, or after birth, causing hypoxia and acidosis. Perinatal asphyxia is not a cause of SGA, but rather a possible complication of SGA, especially if the placental insufficiency is severe or prolonged. Perinatal asphyxia can damage the brain and other organs of the baby and lead to long-term neurological impairments.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Holding the newborn vertically, allowing one foot to touch the crib surface, will elicit the stepping reflex, not the Moro reflex. The stepping reflex is when the newborn makes stepping movements when held upright with one foot touching a flat surface.
Choice B reason:
Turning the newborn's head quickly to one side will elicit the tonic neck reflex, not the Moro reflex. The tonic neck reflex is when the newborn assumes a "fencing”. position, with the arm and leg extended on the side to which the head is turned and the opposite arm and leg flexed.
Choice C reason:
Performing a sharp hand clap near the infant will elicit the Moro reflex, also known as the startle reflex. The Moro reflex is when the newborn responds to a sudden loss of support or a loud noise by extending and abducting the arms, spreading the fingers, and then bringing the arms together and crying.
Choice D reason:
Placing a finger at the base of the newborn's toes will elicit the Babinski reflex, not the Moro reflex. The Babinski reflex is when the newborn fans out the toes and dorsiflexes the big toe when the sole of the foot is stroked.
Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","F","G"]
Explanation
Choice A:
Temperature is not a finding that the nurse should report to the provider. The normal range for temperature in newborns is 36.5 to 37 degrees Celsius axillary. The question does not provide the temperature of the newborn, but it does not indicate any signs of hypothermia or hyperthermia.
Choice B:
Respiratory findings are findings that the nurse should report to the provider. The newborn has mild grunting, nasal flaring, and intermittent retractions, which are signs of respiratory distress. These could indicate a problem with lung development, infection, or congenital heart disease.
Choice C:
Serum glucose is a finding that the nurse should report to the provider. The normal range for blood glucose in newborns is above 40 mg/dL. The question does not provide the serum glucose level of the newborn, but it could be low due to factors such as prematurity, maternal diabetes, or sepsis.
Choice D:
Hematocrit is a finding that the nurse should report to the provider. The normal range for hematocrit in newborns is 42% to 65%. The question does not provide the hematocrit level of the newborn, but it could be high due to polycythemia or low due to anemia or hemorrhage.
Choice E:
White blood cell count is not a finding that the nurse should report to the provider. The normal range for white blood cell count in newborns is 9,000 to 30,000/mm3. The question does not provide the white blood cell count of the newborn, but it does not indicate any signs of infection or inflammation.
Choice F:
Hemoglobin is a finding that the nurse should report to the provider. The normal range for hemoglobin in newborns is 14 to 24 g/dL. The question does not provide the hemoglobin level of the newborn, but it could be high due to polycythemia or low due to anemia or hemorrhage.
Choice G:
Heart rate is a finding that the nurse should report to the provider. The normal range for heart rate in newborns is 85 to 190 beats per minute when awake. The question does not provide the heart rate of the newborn, but it could be high due to stress, pain, fever, or hypoxia, or low due to bradycardia or cardiac arrest.
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