A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a young adult client who has a family history of osteoporosis. Which of the following health promotion activities should the nurse recommend?

Engaging in weight-bearing exercise regularly

Having a bone density scan every year

Taking a magnesium supplement every day

Drinking a cup of coffee every morning

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: Weight-bearing exercise, such as walking, jogging, or dancing, helps to strengthen the bones and prevent osteoporosis. It also improves muscle strength, balance, and coordination, which can reduce the risk of falls and fractures.

Choice B reason: Having a bone density scan every year is not necessary for a young adult client who has a family history of osteoporosis. A bone density scan is a test that measures the amount of calcium and other minerals in the bones. It is usually recommended for women over 65 years old, men over 70 years old, or people who have risk factors for osteoporosis, such as low body weight, smoking, or steroid use.

Choice C reason: Taking a magnesium supplement every day is not a proven way to prevent osteoporosis. Magnesium is a mineral that is involved in bone formation and metabolism, but there is not enough evidence to support its role in preventing or treating osteoporosis. A balanced diet that includes foods rich in calcium, vitamin D, and other nutrients is more effective for bone health.

Choice D reason: Drinking a cup of coffee every morning is not a good idea for a young adult client who has a family history of osteoporosis. Coffee contains caffeine, which can interfere with the absorption of calcium and increase the excretion of calcium in the urine. This can lead to lower bone density and higher risk of osteoporosis. Moderate coffee consumption (one or two cups per day) may not have a significant effect on bone health, but excessive coffee intake (more than four cups per day) should be avoided.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: This is the correct answer because paralytic ileus is a condition in which the intestinal motility is decreased or absent, resulting in the inability to pass gas or stool. It is a common complication of abdominal surgery, as the manipulation of the bowel can cause inflammation and nerve damage. The nurse should monitor the client for signs of bowel obstruction, such as abdominal distension, nausea, vomiting, and pain.

Choice B reason: This is not the correct answer because Clostridium difficile colitis is a condition in which the normal flora of the colon is disrupted by antibiotic therapy, allowing the overgrowth of a toxin-producing bacteria that causes inflammation and diarrhea. It is not a common complication of abdominal surgery, but rather a risk associated with prolonged hospitalization and antibiotic use.

Choice C reason: This is not the correct answer because constipation is a condition in which the stool is hard, dry, and difficult to pass. It is not a common complication of abdominal surgery, but rather a side effect of opioid analgesics, which can slow down the bowel movements. The nurse should encourage the client to increase fluid and fiber intake, and use stool softeners as prescribed.

Choice D reason: This is not the correct answer because fecal impaction is a condition in which a large mass of stool is stuck in the rectum, preventing the passage of gas or stool. It is not a common complication of abdominal surgery, but rather a result of chronic constipation, dehydration, or immobility. The nurse should assess the client for signs of impaction, such as abdominal cramping, rectal pressure, and leakage of liquid stool.

A. Identification B. Denial C. Displacement D. Rationalization

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Identification is a defense mechanism where the person adopts the characteristics or behaviors of someone else, usually someone more powerful or successful, to cope with feelings of inadequacy or insecurity.

Choice B reason: Denial is a defense mechanism where the person refuses to accept or acknowledge the reality of a situation or a problem, to avoid dealing with the negative emotions or consequences.

Choice C reason: Displacement is a defense mechanism where the person transfers their feelings or impulses from the original source to a less threatening or more acceptable one, to reduce the anxiety or guilt.

Choice D reason: Rationalization is a defense mechanism where the person uses logical or plausible explanations to justify or excuse their actions or behaviors, to avoid facing the true motives or reasons.

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A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a young adult client who has a family history of osteoporosis. Which of the following health promotion activities should the nurse recommend?

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Explanation

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