A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a newly licensed nurse about age-related changes that affect medication administration for older adult clients.
Which of the following information should the nurse include?
Renal excretion time slows for medication.
Hepatic enzymes process medications more rapidly.
Brain receptors become less sensitive to medications.
Gastric emptying rate increases.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale:
Renal excretion time slows for medication. As people age, kidney function gradually decreases, which slows the excretion of medications. This can lead to increased levels of the drug in the body, which can increase the risk of side effects.
Choice B rationale:
Hepatic enzymes do not process medications more rapidly in older adults. In fact, liver function also decreases with age, which can slow the metabolism of medications.
Choice C rationale:
Brain receptors do not become less sensitive to medications in older adults. The sensitivity of brain receptors to medications can vary widely and is not necessarily related to age.
Choice D rationale:
Gastric emptying rate does not increase with age. On the contrary, it often slows down, which can affect the absorption of some medications.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Two loose stools in the past 24 hours could be a symptom of Clostridioides difficile infection, but it’s not necessarily a priority finding. The infection can cause diarrhea, but it’s not life-threatening.
Choice B rationale:
A WBC count of 11,000/mm³ is slightly elevated, indicating a possible infection. However, it’s not necessarily a priority finding as it’s not significantly high.
Choice C rationale:
A heart rate of 104/min is slightly elevated, indicating possible stress or anxiety. However, it’s not necessarily a priority finding as it’s not significantly high.
Choice D rationale:
Creatinine level of 3.1 mg/dL is significantly high, indicating possible kidney damage, which can be a side effect of vancomycin treatment. This should be reported to the provider immediately.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Administering an IV fluid bolus can help increase blood volume and thus increase blood pressure, which can alleviate symptoms of dizziness and lightheadedness. This is a common side effect of ramipril, especially after the first dose.
Choice B rationale:
Naloxone is an opioid antagonist and is not relevant in this context. It’s used to reverse the effects of opioid overdose, not to treat symptoms associated with antihypertensive medications.
Choice C rationale:
Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine used to treat allergic reactions or insomnia, not symptoms associated with antihypertensive medications.
Choice D rationale:
Administering 15 g of carbohydrates would be appropriate for a hypoglycemic patient, not for a patient experiencing dizziness and lightheadedness due to antihypertensive medication.
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