A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who reports constipation. Which of the following should the nurse discuss as causes of constipation? (Select all that apply.)

Ignoring the urge to defecate

Increased fiber in the diet

Excessive laxative use

Increased activity

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,C

Choice A reason: Ignoring the urge to defecate is a cause of constipation, as it can lead to hardening and accumulation of stool in the colon. The nurse should advise the client to respond to the urge to defecate as soon as possible and to establish a regular bowel routine.

Choice B reason: Increased fiber in the diet is not a cause of constipation, but rather a prevention measure. Fiber helps to soften the stool and increase its bulk, which facilitates its passage through the colon. The nurse should encourage the client to consume adequate amounts of fiber from fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes.

Choice C reason: Excessive laxative use is a cause of constipation, as it can interfere with the normal functioning of the colon and cause dependency. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid using laxatives unless prescribed by the provider and to use them only for a short period of time.

Choice D reason: Increased activity is not a cause of constipation, but rather a prevention measure. Activity helps to stimulate the peristalsis of the colon and promote bowel movements. The nurse should recommend the client to engage in moderate physical activity for at least 30 minutes a day

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Planning to administer insulin to the client is not a relevant action for the nurse to take, as it has no effect on respiratory alkalosis or hyperventilation. Insulin is used to lower blood glucose levels in patients with diabetes or hyperglycemia.

Choice B reason: Having the client breathe into a paper bag is a correct action for the nurse to take, as it helps to increase the carbon dioxide level in the blood and correct the alkalosis. Breathing into a paper bag creates a closed system that recycles the exhaled carbon dioxide and reduces the loss of carbon dioxide from the lungs.

Choice C reason: Planning to administer sodium bicarbonate to the client is not a correct action for the nurse to take, as it can worsen the alkalosis. Sodium bicarbonate is an alkali that can raise the pH of the blood and cause metabolic alkalosis. It is used to treat metabolic acidosis, not respiratory alkalosis.

Choice D reason: Having the client place their head between their knees is not a recommended action for the nurse to take, as it can impair the blood flow to the brain and cause fainting. It can also increase the respiratory rate and decrease the carbon dioxide level in the blood.

A. Dry skin B. Diarrhea C. Abdominal pain D. Hyperventilation

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Dry skin is not a sign of respiratory alkalosis. Respiratory alkalosis is a condition where the blood pH is too high due to excessive loss of carbon dioxide through rapid breathing. Dry skin can be caused by dehydration, cold weather, or skin conditions.

Choice B reason: Diarrhea is not a sign of respiratory alkalosis. Diarrhea is a condition where the stool is loose and watery due to increased intestinal motility or infection. Diarrhea can cause metabolic acidosis, which is a condition where the blood pH is too low due to excessive loss of bicarbonate.

Choice C reason: Abdominal pain is not a sign of respiratory alkalosis. Abdominal pain is a symptom that can have many causes, such as gastritis, appendicitis, or irritable bowel syndrome. Abdominal pain can also cause hyperventilation due to anxiety or discomfort, but it is not a direct result of respiratory alkalosis.

Choice D reason: Hyperventilation is a sign of respiratory alkalosis. Hyperventilation is a condition where the breathing rate is faster than normal, causing excess carbon dioxide to be expelled from the lungs. This lowers the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the blood, which increases the blood pH and causes alkalosis. Hyperventilation can be caused by anxiety, fever, pain, or lung diseases.

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A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who reports constipation. Which of the following should the nurse discuss as causes of constipation? (Select all that apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who has respiratory alkalosis and is hyperventilating. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a client who has respiratory alkalosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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