A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is taking diltiazem sustained-release tablets for hypertension. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Store the medication in the refrigerator.
Take the medication at mealtime.
Drink grapefruit juice with the medication.
Swallow the medication whole.
The Correct Answer is D
A. Store the medication in the refrigerator: Diltiazem sustained-release tablets do not need to be refrigerated; they should be stored at room temperature, away from moisture and heat.
B. Take the medication at mealtime: It is not necessary to take diltiazem with food unless specifically advised by a healthcare provider. Generally, it can be taken with or without food.
C. Drink grapefruit juice with the medication: Grapefruit juice should be avoided with diltiazem as it can increase the risk of adverse effects by altering the metabolism of the drug.
D. Swallow the medication whole: This is correct as sustained-release tablets should not be chewed or crushed. They are designed to release the medication slowly over time, which can be disrupted if the tablet is altered.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Decreased bronchospasms: Metoprolol, a beta-blocker, does not typically decrease bronchospasms and may actually exacerbate them in susceptible individuals.
B. Increased blood glucose level: Metoprolol does not generally increase blood glucose levels. However, it can mask hypoglycemic symptoms in diabetic patients.
C. Increased blood pressure: Metoprolol is used to lower blood pressure, not increase it.
D. Decreased heart rate: This is correct as metoprolol is a beta-blocker that reduces heart rate by blocking beta-adrenergic receptors.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Monthly vitamin B12 injections: This is incorrect as vitamin B12 injections are not associated with osteoporosis. They are often used to address vitamin B12 deficiency, which is not a direct risk factor for osteoporosis.
B. History of kidney stones: This is incorrect because while kidney stones can be associated with calcium metabolism issues, they are not a primary risk factor for osteoporosis.
C. Long-term use of prednisone: This is correct as long-term use of corticosteroids like prednisone can lead to decreased bone density and increased risk of osteoporosis due to their impact on bone metabolism.
D. Congenital heart murmur: This is incorrect as a congenital heart murmur is not related to the development of osteoporosis.
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