A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has kidney stones. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Choice A reason: Cerebral edema is not typically a manifestation of hyperkalemia. Hyperkalemia can cause neurological symptoms due to its effect on nerve transmission, but cerebral edema is more commonly associated with conditions like traumatic brain injury, stroke, or brain tumors.

Choice B reason: Wheezing is a respiratory symptom and is not directly related to hyperkalemia. It is more commonly associated with respiratory conditions such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Choice C reason: Hypoactive bowel sounds may indicate a gastrointestinal issue but are not a specific sign of hyperkalemia. Hyperkalemia can affect smooth muscle contraction and could potentially lead to intestinal motility issues, but this is not a primary manifestation.

Choice D reason: Decreased deep tendon reflexes can be a manifestation of hyperkalemia. Hyperkalemia affects the neuromuscular junction and can lead to muscle weakness, which may manifest as decreased reflexes. Normal potassium levels in the blood are typically between 3.5 and 5.0 millimoles per liter (mmol/L). Hyperkalemia occurs when potassium levels rise above 5.5 mmol/L.

Choice A reason: A BMI of 18 falls within the underweight range, which is a BMI less than 18.5.

Choice B reason: A healthy weight BMI range is from 18.5 to 24.9, so a BMI of 18 does not fall within this category.

Choice C reason: Obesity is defined as a BMI of 30 or higher, which does not apply to a BMI of 18.

Choice D reason: Overweight is defined as a BMI from 25 to 29.9, so a BMI of 18 is not considered overweight.