A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a urinary tract infection.

Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

Dementia is characterized by progressive memory impairment, including difficulty remembering recent events, names, and familiar faces. This memory loss can significantly impact the client's ability to perform daily tasks independently.

While dementia is typically a chronic and progressive condition, it is not uncommon for individuals with dementia to experience acute episodes of confusion, often referred to as "sundowning." These episodes tend to occur in the late afternoon or evening and can involve increased agitation, restlessness, and disorientation.

Illusions are perceptual distortions where a person misinterprets real sensory stimuli. In dementia, individuals may experience illusions, such as mistaking a coat hanging on a door for a person or misinterpreting shadows as threatening figures.

Catatonia, characterized by immobility and unresponsiveness, is not typically associated with dementia. It is more commonly seen in conditions such as schizophrenia or certain neurological disorders.

Urinary incontinence is the involuntary loss of urine, and it can have various causes and contributing factors. When developing a plan of care for a client with urinary incontinence, it is important to address interventions that promote comfort, hygiene, and prevention of complications.

using a no-rinse perineal cleanser after incontinence, is an appropriate intervention for maintaining skin hygiene and preventing skin breakdown. Cleansing the perineal area after episodes of urinary incontinence helps to remove any urine residue and reduce the risk of skin irritation or infection. No-rinse cleansers are often preferred as they are gentle on the skin and do not require rinsing, which can be more convenient for the client.

keeping the head of the client's bed elevated to 45 degrees in (option A) is incorrect because it, is not directly related to managing urinary incontinence. This intervention is typically used for clients at risk for aspiration or to improve respiratory function.

limiting periods of sitting in a chair to 4 hours in (option B) is incorrect because it, may be beneficial to prevent prolonged pressure on the pelvic floor muscles and promote circulation. However, it does not specifically address managing urinary incontinence.

avoiding the use of draw sheets for repositioning in (option D) is incorrect because it, is not directly related to managing urinary incontinence. Draw sheets are commonly used to assist with repositioning and transferring clients.