A nurse is reinforcing teaching to a client who is at 28 weeks of gestation and reports heroin use.
Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
"The use of heroin can cause placenta previa.”.
"The use of heroin can cause preterm labor.”.
"The use of heroin can cause chromosomal abnormalities.”.
"The use of heroin can cause an increase in amniotic fluid.”
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Placenta previa, a condition where the placenta partially or completely covers the cervix, is primarily associated with risk factors such as previous cesarean sections, multiparity, and advanced maternal age. Heroin use does not have a direct causal link to the development of placenta previa.
Choice B rationale
Heroin use during pregnancy is strongly associated with an increased risk of preterm labor. Opioids can cause uterine contractions and alter placental blood flow, leading to premature cervical changes and the onset of labor before 37 weeks of gestation, impacting fetal development.
Choice C rationale
Chromosomal abnormalities, such as Down syndrome or Turner syndrome, result from errors in chromosome number or structure during cell division. These genetic errors are not caused by maternal heroin use, although substance abuse can affect fetal development in other ways.
Choice D rationale
An increase in amniotic fluid, known as polyhydramnios, is often associated with conditions such as maternal diabetes, fetal gastrointestinal anomalies, or multiple gestations. Heroin use does not typically lead to polyhydramnios; rather, it is more commonly associated with oligohydramnios due to fetal growth restriction.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Checking the newborn's axillary temperature is important for thermoregulation, but immediate drying takes precedence to prevent heat loss through evaporation and convection. A stable temperature range for a newborn is typically 36.5°C to 37.5°C (97.7°F to 99.5°F). Hypothermia can lead to increased oxygen consumption and metabolic acidosis in newborns.
Choice B rationale
Drying the newborn immediately after birth is crucial for preventing evaporative heat loss. The wet surface of the newborn's skin, exposed to cooler ambient temperatures, can rapidly cool the infant through evaporation, leading to hypothermia. This is a primary intervention for neonatal thermoregulation.
Choice C rationale
Applying identification bands is a safety measure to prevent infant abduction or mix-up, but it is not the most immediate physiological need for the newborn after birth. While important, it can be done after ensuring the newborn's thermal stability.
Choice D rationale
Allowing private bonding time is beneficial for parent-infant attachment and can promote breastfeeding, but ensuring the newborn's physiological stability, particularly thermoregulation, takes precedence immediately after birth. Bonding can occur once initial assessments and interventions are completed.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Progestin-only birth control pills are preferred during lactation because they do not contain estrogen, which can decrease milk supply. Progestin-only pills provide effective contraception without negatively impacting the quality or quantity of breast milk. This allows the client to continue breastfeeding while effectively preventing unintended pregnancy, promoting both maternal and infant health.
Choice B rationale
While breastfeeding can delay the return of ovulation, it is not a reliable method of contraception on its own, especially as the frequency of feedings decreases or if supplements are introduced. Lactational amenorrhea is only highly effective under strict conditions, and relying solely on it for birth control carries a significant risk of unintended pregnancy.
Choice C rationale
Birth control pills are not absolutely contraindicated for breastfeeding clients. Certain types, specifically progestin-only pills, are safe and recommended. Estrogen-containing pills are generally avoided due to their potential to reduce milk supply. Therefore, stating all birth control pills are contraindicated is an inaccurate and overly broad statement.
Choice D rationale
There is no scientific evidence to suggest that taking birth control pills while breastfeeding increases the risk for breast cancer. The impact of hormonal contraception on breast cancer risk is complex and generally linked to combined oral contraceptives, with no clear association for progestin-only pills. This statement is a misinformation that can cause undue alarm.
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