A nurse is caring for a client who is 1 hour postpartum following a vaginal birth.
The client has saturated a perineal pad within 10 minutes.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Prepare to administer a prescribed oxytocic preparation.
Assess the client's blood pressure.
Assess the bladder for distention.
Massage the client's fundus.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Preparing to administer a prescribed oxytocic preparation is a possible intervention for postpartum hemorrhage, but the immediate first step should be to assess the uterus, the most common source of early postpartum bleeding.
Choice B rationale
Assessing the client's blood pressure is important in evaluating the extent of blood loss, but it is not the initial action to take. Addressing the likely cause of the bleeding should precede further assessment of vital signs.
Choice C rationale
Assessing the bladder for distention is important as a full bladder can displace the uterus and interfere with its contraction, potentially contributing to bleeding. However, directly addressing the uterine tone is the immediate first step.
Choice D rationale
Massaging the client's fundus is the priority action because uterine atony, a soft and non-contracted uterus, is the most frequent cause of early postpartum hemorrhage. Stimulating the uterus to contract by massage helps to compress the blood vessels at the placental site and decrease bleeding. .
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is []
Explanation
Rationale for Correct Condition
Preterm labor is defined as the onset of regular contractions leading to cervical change before 37 weeks of gestation. This client’s symptoms, including uterine contractions every 4–5 minutes, cervical effacement of 50%, a positive fetal fibronectin test, and shortened cervical length, strongly indicate preterm labor rather than pyelonephritis, placental abruption, or cervical insufficiency.
Rationale for Correct Actions
Magnesium sulfate functions as a tocolytic, suppressing contractions by inhibiting calcium influx in myometrial cells, thereby delaying preterm birth and reducing neonatal complications. Betamethasone accelerates fetal lung maturity by increasing surfactant production, reducing the risk of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome if preterm delivery occurs.
Rationale for Correct Parameters
Cervical effacement is a direct indicator of labor progression, showing changes in cervical thinning that accompany dilation. Monitoring effacement allows assessment of tocolytic effectiveness. Contraction frequency reveals labor severity and the response to magnesium sulfate. Persistent contractions despite treatment indicate the need for additional interventions.
Rationale for Incorrect Conditions
Pyelonephritis causes systemic symptoms like fever, flank pain, and bacteremia rather than uterine contractions and cervical changes. Placental abruption typically presents with painful vaginal bleeding and uterine tenderness, which are absent here. Cervical insufficiency is painless and lacks regular contractions, with cervical changes occurring silently rather than progressively.
Rationale for Incorrect Actions
Urine culture identifies infection but does not directly treat preterm labor. RhoGAM is necessary for Rh-negative individuals, which is irrelevant in this case. IV hydration may help with contractions but is not a primary intervention.
Rationale for Incorrect Parameters
Flank pain suggests pyelonephritis rather than preterm labor. Vaginal bleeding is associated with abruption or miscarriage, not preterm labor without cervical rupture. Fetal heart rate variability is useful in fetal assessment but does not directly indicate labor progression.
Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A"},"B":{"answers":"A"},"C":{"answers":"A"},"D":{"answers":"A"},"E":{"answers":"A"},"F":{"answers":"A"}}
Explanation
- White blood cell count: Expected—mild leukocytosis is normal postpartum due to physiological stress.
- Blood clot size: Expected—small clots, like a pea-sized clot, are common and not concerning unless excessive bleeding occurs.
- Uterine findings: Expected—firm and midline uterus indicating effective involution.
- Lochia findings: Expected—progressing normally without signs of infection (no foul odor).
- Calf findings: Expected—a single varicose vein without tenderness or swelling is not concerning.
- Blood pressure: Expected—within normal postpartum range.
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