A nurse is reinforcing teaching about meal planning with a client who has hypertension. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
"I can have a bologna sandwich."
"I can season food with vinegar."
"I can season food with ketchup."
"I can have canned soup."
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Having a bologna sandwich is not a good choice for a client who has hypertension, as bologna is a processed meat that contains high amounts of sodium and saturated fat, which can raise blood pressure and cholesterol levels.
Choice B reason: Seasoning food with vinegar is a good choice for a client who has hypertension, as vinegar is a low-sodium condiment that can add flavor and acidity to food without increasing blood pressure.
Choice C reason: Seasoning food with ketchup is not a good choice for a client who has hypertension, as ketchup is a high-sodium condiment that can increase blood pressure and fluid retention.
Choice D reason: Having canned soup is not a good choice for a client who has hypertension, as canned soup is a high-sodium food that can increase blood pressure and fluid retention. The client should choose low-sodium or homemade soup instead.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A: This is correct because offering artificial saliva frequently can help moisten the mouth and improve the taste of food. Radiation therapy can cause dry mouth and altered taste sensation.
Choice B: This is incorrect because providing three large meals daily can be overwhelming and unappetizing for the client. The nurse should provide small, frequent meals that are high in protein and calories.
Choice C: This is incorrect because adding honey to sweeten fruit smoothies can irritate the throat and increase the risk of infection. The nurse should avoid foods that are acidic, spicy, or sticky.
Choice D: This is incorrect because heating food before serving can enhance the unpleasant taste and smell of food. The nurse should serve food cold or at room temperature.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Glucocorticoids are anti-inflammatory drugs that can increase blood glucose levels and worsen diabetes mellitus, which is a risk factor for stroke.
Choice B reason: HbA1c is a measure of average blood glucose levels over the past three months. A higher HbA1c level indicates poor glycemic control and increases the risk for stroke. The target HbA1c level for most people with diabetes mellitus is less than 7 percent.
Choice C reason: Having a high total cholesterol level is a risk factor for stroke, as it can lead to atherosclerosis and plaque formation in the blood vessels. The target total cholesterol level for most people is less than 200 mg/dL.
Choice D reason: Losing excess weight can lower blood pressure, improve blood glucose levels, and reduce inflammation, which are all beneficial for preventing stroke.
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