A nurse is providing teaching to a group of clients about risk factors for ovarian cancer. Which of the following risk factors should the nurse include? (Select all that apply)

Nulliparity

History of breastfeeding

Previous use of oral contraceptives

History of breast cancer

Use of postmenopausal estrogen

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,D,E

A. Nulliparity: Correct. Nulliparity, or never having been pregnant, is a known risk factor for ovarian cancer. Women who have never given birth have a higher risk of developing ovarian cancer compared to those who have had one or more children.

B. History of breastfeeding: Incorrect. Breastfeeding is generally associated with a decreased risk of ovarian cancer. It is thought to reduce the number of lifetime ovulatory cycles, thereby potentially lowering the risk.

C. Previous use of oral contraceptives: Incorrect. The use of oral contraceptives is associated with a reduced risk of ovarian cancer. Long-term use can significantly decrease the risk, and the protective effect may continue for years after discontinuation.

D. History of breast cancer: Correct. A history of breast cancer is a risk factor for ovarian cancer, particularly in women with BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene mutations. These mutations increase the risk of both breast and ovarian cancers.

E. Use of postmenopausal estrogen: Correct. The use of postmenopausal estrogen, especially when used without progesterone, is associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer. Estrogen therapy can stimulate the growth of ovarian tumors in susceptible women.

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Correct Answer is ["A","E"]

Explanation

A. Instruct the client to wash their hands prior to breastfeeding: Correct. Proper hand hygiene helps to prevent the spread of infection, which is important for a client with mastitis. Washing hands before breastfeeding is a crucial infection control measure.

B. Teach the client about proper latching-on techniques: Correct. Proper latching-on techniques can help prevent further complications and ensure effective milk removal, which can help in managing mastitis and preventing recurrence.

C. Encourage the client to alternate breastfeeding with formula feeding: Incorrect. Breastfeeding should continue as usual because it helps to empty the breast and relieve engorgement, which is crucial for managing mastitis. Formula feeding could exacerbate the problem by increasing engorgement.

D. Instruct the client to avoid using a breast pump: Incorrect. Using a breast pump can be beneficial for managing mastitis by helping to relieve engorgement and ensure proper milk drainage. The pump should be used correctly and hygienically.

E. Encourage the client to allow their nipples to air dry after feedings: Correct. Allowing the nipples to air dry helps prevent further irritation and infection. It is important for maintaining skin integrity and comfort during mastitis.

A. "Retract the foreskin until you feel resistance." B. "Use a cotton swab to clean under the foreskin." C. "Apply petroleum jelly to the foreskin." D. "Wash the penis once per day with soap and water."

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Incorrect. The foreskin should not be retracted forcibly, as this can cause pain or injury. It should only be gently retracted if the child allows it.

B. Incorrect. Using a cotton swab is not recommended as it can cause irritation. Cleaning should be done gently with the foreskin in its natural position.

C. Incorrect. Petroleum jelly is not necessary or recommended for uncircumcised care and may cause irritation.

D. Correct. Washing the penis once per day with soap and water is adequate for hygiene. The foreskin should not be retracted or cleaned aggressively.

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A nurse is providing teaching to a group of clients about risk factors for ovarian cancer. Which of the following risk factors should the nurse include? (Select all that apply)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is planning care for a client who is breastfeeding and has mastitis. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","E"]

Explanation

A nurse is teaching the parents of a newborn how to care for their child's uncircumcised penis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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