A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has emphysema and a new prescription for theophylline. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide?

Increase fluids to 1L/per day.

Administer the medication with food.

Consume a high-protein diet.

Avoid caffeine while taking this medication.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Increase fluids to 1L/per day. Clients with emphysema are often encouraged to increase fluid intake beyond 1 liter to help thin secretions, but 1 liter per day is generally insufficient.

B. Administer the medication with food. Theophylline should not necessarily be taken with food; it is generally taken on an empty stomach, but it can be taken with food if gastrointestinal upset occurs.

C. Consume a high-protein diet. High-protein diets may increase the metabolism of theophylline, potentially decreasing its therapeutic effect. Dietary considerations for theophylline involve avoiding caffeine.

D. Avoid caffeine while taking this medication. Theophylline is a methylxanthine, similar to caffeine, and consuming caffeine can increase the risk of side effects like tachycardia, nervousness, and insomnia.

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Correct Answer is ["4"]

Explanation

Formula: (Desired Dose / Dose on Hand) × Volume
(40 mg / 10 mg) × 1 mL = 4 mL
Answer: 4 mL

A. Photophobia B. Diarrhea C. Dry mouth D. Increased blood pressure

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Photophobia: Photophobia is not a common side effect of antihistamines. It can be associated with other conditions, but not typically with antihistamine use.

B. Diarrhea: Diarrhea is not a common side effect of antihistamines; they are more likely to cause constipation due to their anticholinergic effects.

C. Dry mouth: Dry mouth is a common anticholinergic effect of antihistamines. It occurs because these medications block acetylcholine, leading to decreased saliva production.

D. Increased blood pressure: Increased blood pressure is not a typical side effect of antihistamines. While some formulations may cause increased heart rate or palpitations, they do not generally lead to hypertension directly.

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A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has emphysema and a new prescription for theophylline. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide?

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