A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should recognize that the client understands the teaching when he identifies which of the following as manifestations of hypoglycemia? (Select all that apply.)

A. Incorrect. Sustaining hyperglycemia is not a recommended approach. In fact, it is crucial to maintain blood glucose levels within a target range to prevent complications associated with diabetes.

B. Correct. Maintaining optimal blood pressure is important for preventing kidney damage, which is a common complication of diabetes. High blood pressure can exacerbate kidney problems in individuals with diabetes.

C. Correct. Reducing cholesterol and saturated fat intake is important for managing cardiovascular risk factors associated with diabetes. Elevated cholesterol levels are a risk factor for heart disease, which is more prevalent in individuals with diabetes.

D. Correct. Enrolling in a smoking cessation program is essential. Smoking increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, which is already elevated in individuals with diabetes. Quitting smoking is a crucial step in reducing this risk.

E. Correct. Increasing physical activity is an important component of diabetes management. Regular exercise helps improve insulin sensitivity, maintain a healthy weight, and reduce the risk of cardiovascular complications.

A. NPH insulin may be mixed with pens. This statement is correct. NPH insulin can be mixed with other insulins, and it is available in pens for ease of administration.

B. Insulin detemir is administered once or twice daily, not necessarily with meals. Detemir is a long-acting insulin and can be taken once or twice daily, depending on the individual's specific treatment plan. It does not need to be strictly timed with meals.

C. Insulin glargine is a long-acting insulin and is generally not used as a first-line treatment for gestational diabetes. Short-acting insulins are typically recommended. Gestational diabetes is usually managed with short-acting insulins (like regular insulin) due to their faster onset and shorter duration of action. Long-acting insulins like glargine are not typically used in this context.

D. Regular insulin can be administered intravenously. This is a correct statement. Regular insulin can indeed be given intravenously in a hospital setting for precise control of blood glucose levels.

E. Lispro is a rapid-acting insulin. This statement is accurate. Lispro is a rapid-acting insulin analog used to control high blood sugar levels during and after meals. It has a fast onset of action.