A nurse is providing teaching for the family of a client who has Alzheimer's disease. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?

Choice A reason: While bladder control issues can significantly affect a client's quality of life, they are typically managed by a urologist or a specialist in continence, rather than an occupational therapist. Occupational therapy focuses on improving the ability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs), which generally does not include bladder control.

Choice B reason: Difficulty swallowing, known as dysphagia, can be a symptom of myasthenia gravis due to muscle weakness. Although it is a serious concern, it is usually managed with the help of a speech therapist who specializes in swallowing difficulties, rather than an occupational therapist.

Choice C reason: Having a hard time with brushing hair is directly related to the performance of ADLs, which is the primary focus of occupational therapy. An occupational therapist can assist the client by teaching energy conservation techniques, providing adaptive equipment, and modifying the task to make it easier for the client to maintain personal grooming independently.

Choice D reason: Preferring a wheelchair over a walker is a matter of mobility and personal preference. While occupational therapy can help with mobility issues, this statement alone does not indicate a need for occupational therapy unless the client has difficulty performing ADLs due to the choice of mobility aid.

Choice A reason: Tapping the client's facial nerve and noting any facial twitching is not a specific assessment for bacterial meningitis. This action is more related to evaluating facial nerve function and is not typically used to diagnose meningitis.

Choice B reason: Striking the client's patellar tendon with a percussion hammer and noting any increase in response is a test for reflexes, which may or may not be altered in bacterial meningitis. An increased response can be seen in various neurological conditions and is not specific to meningitis.

Choice C reason: Gently elevating the client's head and noting any nuchal rigidity is a key part of the focused assessment for bacterial meningitis. Nuchal rigidity, or stiffness of the neck, is a classic sign of meningitis and is assessed by gently lifting the head and attempting to move the chin toward the chest. If the client resists due to pain or stiffness, this could indicate nuchal rigidity associated with meningitis.

Choice D reason: Running a tongue blade on the outside of the client's sole and noting any flaring of the toes, known as the Babinski sign, is used to assess for central nervous system lesions and is not specific to meningitis. While it can be part of a neurological assessment, it does not specifically indicate bacterial meningitis.