A nurse is providing preoperative teaching to a client about the administration of morphine via a PCA pump.
Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

Choice A rationale:

Research consistently shows that individuals who have a history of violent behavior are at a higher risk of engaging in future violent acts. This is a significant predictor because past behavior is often indicative of future behavior. Individuals with a history of violence may have difficulty managing anger, frustration, or stress, making them more prone to aggressive tendencies in various situations.

Choice B rationale:

Experiencing delusions refers to having false beliefs that are firmly held despite evidence to the contrary. While delusions can lead to erratic behavior, not all individuals experiencing delusions will become violent. The presence of delusions alone is not as strong a predictor of future violence as a documented history of violent behavior.

Choice C rationale:

While statistical data may indicate that males are more commonly involved in violent crimes, it is important to note that gender alone is not a reliable predictor of an individual's likelihood to become violent. Many males never engage in violent behavior, and focusing solely on gender overlooks crucial individual factors that contribute to violent tendencies.

Choice D rationale:

Having a history of being in prison suggests past involvement in criminal activities, but it does not directly predict future violent behavior. Some individuals may have been incarcerated for non-violent offenses or may have undergone rehabilitation, reducing their propensity for violence. Therefore, this choice is not as strong a predictor as previous violent behavior.

Choice A rationale:

Choosing a palpable and straight vein is essential for a successful IV insertion. A vein that is easily palpable and visible helps ensure that the catheter can be inserted smoothly, reducing the risk of complications such as infiltration or extravasation. Additionally, selecting a straight vein makes the insertion process easier and less painful for the client.

Choice B rationale:

Selecting a site on the client's dominant arm is not a requirement for IV insertion. The choice of arm depends on the individual client's condition, vein accessibility, and the healthcare provider's preference. Both arms can be used for IV insertion based on the client's specific needs.

Choice C rationale:

Applying a tourniquet below the venipuncture site helps distend the veins, making them more visible and accessible. This technique can aid in locating suitable veins for insertion. However, it is crucial to release the tourniquet once the vein is accessed to prevent complications such as thrombosis or hematoma.

Choice D rationale:

Elevating the client's arm prior to insertion can cause veins to collapse, making it more challenging to insert the IV catheter. Gravity can assist in distending the veins, so the arm should be positioned at or slightly below the level of the heart during IV insertion to maintain adequate blood flow.