A nurse is providing peritoneal dialysis to a child and observes there is minimal dialysate outflow at the end of the outflow time. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Increase oral fluid intake.
Increase the dwell time during the next dialysis infusion.
Instruct the child to change position.
Assess for a bruit at the site of the peritoneal catheter.
The Correct Answer is C
A. Increasing oral fluid intake would not necessarily improve dialysate outflow. This could worsen the issue if the problem is related to fluid overload.
B. Increasing dwell time might allow more time for fluid and waste removal, but it's not the most appropriate action in this case. The primary concern is the lack of outflow, which suggests a potential obstruction or other issue.
C. Changing the child's position can help to reposition the catheter and improve drainage. This is a reasonable action to try.
D. A bruit indicates increased blood flow to the area. While it's important to assess for this, it's not the most immediate action to take.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. While chicken soup is often considered a comfort food, it's not ideal for an infant with acute diarrhea. It's too heavy and can worsen symptoms.
B. Sugary drinks like white grape juice can actually worsen diarrhea. They can also lead to dehydration due to increased water loss.
C. While applesauce was once recommended as part of the BRAT diet, it's not considered as beneficial as it once was. It's better to offer oral electrolyte solutions.
D. Oral electrolyte solutions (ORS) are specifically designed to replenish fluids and electrolytes lost through diarrhea. They are essential in preventing dehydration.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. The Tumbling E chart is a suitable tool for assessing visual acuity in young children who may not yet know their letters. It uses the letter "E" in various orientations (up, down, left, right), and the child is asked to identify the direction the "E" is facing. This method is appropriate for children who are at least 3 years old and can follow simple directions.
B. In a visual acuity assessment, it is typically standard to test each eye separately after assessing both eyes together. Testing both eyes together initially can help gauge how the child performs with their full visual capability, but it’s essential to test each eye individually to accurately determine if there is a difference in visual acuity between the two eyes.
C. For a visual acuity test using a standard Snellen chart, positioning the child 4.6 meters (15 feet) away from the chart is correct. However, younger children, especially those who might not be able to focus or remain still at that distance, may sometimes be tested from a shorter distance. For preschool-aged
children, the testing distance can be adapted to accommodate their ability to focus and understand the task.
D. Testing visual acuity without glasses first is not the recommended approach if the child already wears corrective lenses. If the child uses glasses or other corrective lenses, you should assess their visual acuity with the glasses on, as this provides the most accurate representation of their vision with their current correction.
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