A nurse is providing nutritional teaching to a client who has dumping syndrome following a hemicolectomy. Which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the client to avoid?

Choice A reason:

Administering medication with an oral syringe is a recommended practice for giving liquid medication to infants. An oral syringe allows for accurate measurement and controlled delivery of the medication, reducing the risk of choking and ensuring the infant receives the correct dose. Therefore, this statement does not indicate a need for further instruction.

Choice B reason:

Inserting the medication in the infant’s buccal cavity (the space between the gums and the cheek) is also a recommended technique. This method helps to prevent the infant from spitting out the medication and ensures better absorption. Hence, this statement does not indicate a need for further instruction.

Choice C reason:

Allowing the infant to swallow some of the medication before administering more is a safe and effective way to give medication. This approach helps to prevent choking and ensures that the infant can handle the amount of medication being given. Therefore, this statement does not indicate a need for further instruction.

Choice D reason:

Positioning the infant in a supine position (lying flat on their back) is not recommended when administering oral medication. This position increases the risk of aspiration, where the medication could enter the airway instead of the esophagus. The correct position is to hold the infant in an upright or semi-upright position to ensure safe swallowing and reduce the risk of choking or aspiration. Therefore, this statement indicates a need for further instruction.

Choice A reason: Administering the medication over 1 minute is crucial for phenytoin IV administration. Phenytoin should be administered slowly to prevent severe cardiovascular reactions, including hypotension and arrhythmias. The recommended rate is not to exceed 50 mg per minute.

Choice B reason: Diluting the medication with sterile water before injecting is not recommended for phenytoin. Phenytoin should be administered undiluted or diluted with normal saline if necessary. Using sterile water can cause the medication to precipitate.

Choice C reason: Slowing the injection if the medication crystallizes is not an appropriate action. If phenytoin crystallizes, it should not be administered. The nurse should ensure the solution is clear before administration and discard any crystallized medication.

Choice D reason: Following the injection with sterile water is not necessary. Phenytoin does not require a flush with sterile water after administration. Instead, normal saline can be used to flush the IV line before and after administration to ensure the line is clear.