A nurse is providing nutritional teaching to a client who has dumping syndrome following a hemicolectomy. Which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the client to avoid?

White bread

Fresh apples

Poached eggs

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason:

White bread is generally low in fiber and easy to digest, making it less likely to cause symptoms of dumping syndrome. While whole grains are typically healthier, in the case of dumping syndrome, low-fiber foods like white bread can be better tolerated.

Choice B reason:

Fresh apples should be avoided because they are high in fiber and can be difficult to digest, potentially exacerbating symptoms of dumping syndrome. The high fiber content can lead to rapid gastric emptying and increased symptoms such as cramping, bloating, and diarrhea.

Choice C reason:

Poached eggs are a good source of protein and are generally well-tolerated by individuals with dumping syndrome. They are easy to digest and do not contribute to rapid gastric emptying, making them a suitable food choice.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Reducing the intake of vitamin K-rich foods is not recommended for preventing osteoporosis. Vitamin K plays a crucial role in bone health by helping to regulate calcium in the bones and blood. It is essential for the formation of osteocalcin, a protein that binds calcium to the bone matrix, thereby strengthening bones1. Therefore, reducing vitamin K intake could negatively impact bone health.

Choice B reason:

Reducing sodium intake is beneficial for preventing osteoporosis. High sodium intake can lead to increased calcium excretion in the urine, which can weaken bones over time2. Lowering sodium intake helps to retain calcium in the body, promoting better bone health.

Choice C reason:

Decreasing caffeine intake is advisable for preventing osteoporosis. Excessive caffeine consumption can interfere with calcium absorption and increase calcium excretion, which can weaken bones. Limiting caffeine intake helps to ensure that more calcium is available for bone maintenance and strength.

Choice D reason:

Limiting the intake of soft drinks is also recommended for preventing osteoporosis. Many soft drinks contain phosphoric acid, which can lead to an imbalance in calcium and phosphorus levels in the body, potentially weakening bones. Reducing soft drink consumption helps to maintain a healthier balance of these minerals, supporting bone health.

A. pH 7.26, HCO₃ 14, PaCO₂ 30 B. pH 7.49, HCO₃ 30, PaCO₂ 40 C. pH 7.26, HCO₃ 24, PaCO₂ 46 D. pH 7.49, HCO₃ 24, PaCO₂ 30

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason:

The arterial blood gas (ABG) values of pH 7.26, HCO₃ 14, and PaCO₂ 30 indicate metabolic acidosis with partial respiratory compensation. Acute kidney injury (AKI) often leads to metabolic acidosis due to the kidneys’ inability to excrete acid and reabsorb bicarbonate. The low pH indicates acidosis, the low bicarbonate (HCO₃) reflects metabolic acidosis, and the low PaCO₂ shows that the respiratory system is trying to compensate by blowing off CO₂.

Choice B reason:

The ABG values of pH 7.49, HCO₃ 30, and PaCO₂ 40 indicate metabolic alkalosis. This condition is characterized by an elevated pH and bicarbonate level. Metabolic alkalosis is not typically associated with acute kidney injury. Instead, it can result from excessive bicarbonate intake, loss of gastric acid (e.g., vomiting), or diuretic use.

Choice C reason:

The ABG values of pH 7.26, HCO₃ 24, and PaCO₂ 46 suggest respiratory acidosis. The low pH indicates acidosis, but the normal bicarbonate level and elevated PaCO₂ point to a respiratory cause rather than a metabolic one. Respiratory acidosis occurs when the lungs cannot remove enough CO₂, leading to its accumulation. This is not a typical presentation of AKI.

Choice D reason:

The ABG values of pH 7.49, HCO₃ 24, and PaCO₂ 30 indicate respiratory alkalosis. The high pH and low PaCO₂ suggest that the patient is hyperventilating, leading to excessive CO₂ loss. This condition is not commonly associated with acute kidney injury, which more frequently causes metabolic acidosis.

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A nurse is providing nutritional teaching to a client who has dumping syndrome following a hemicolectomy. Which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the client to avoid?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is teaching a client about preventing osteoporosis. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has acute kidney injury (AKI). Which of the following arterial blood gas values would the nurse expect this client to have?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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