A nurse is providing instructions to a patient who has been prescribed diltiazem sustained-release tablets for hypertension.
Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Consume the medication in its entirety.

Keep the medication in a cool place.

Accompany the medication with grapefruit juice.

Administer the medication during meals.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale

Diltiazem is a calcium channel blocker used to treat high blood pressure and prevent chest pain (angina). It works by relaxing the blood vessels so the heart does not have to pump as hard. It also increases the supply of blood and oxygen to the heart. The sustained-release tablets are designed to release the medication slowly in the body. Therefore, patients are advised to consume the medication in its entirety. Crushing, chewing, or breaking the tablet would cause too much of the drug to be released at one time.

Choice B rationale

While it’s generally a good idea to store medications in a cool, dry place, specific storage instructions for diltiazem sustained-release tablets are not typically emphasized. The focus is more on the method of consumption.

Choice C rationale

Grapefruit and grapefruit juice may interact with diltiazem and lead to potentially dangerous effects. Discuss the use of grapefruit products with your doctor. Therefore, it’s not advisable to accompany the medication with grapefruit juice.

Choice D rationale

Diltiazem can be taken with or without food. If it upsets the patient’s stomach, it can be taken with food. However, it’s not a mandatory instruction that the medication must be administered during meals.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Discontinuing the nasogastric tube is not the best action to take at this time. The nasogastric tube may be necessary for decompression of the stomach or administration of medications and should not be removed without a specific order from the healthcare provider.

Choice B rationale

Providing the client with ice chips is not the most appropriate action. The client is kept NPO (nothing by mouth) before surgery to prevent aspiration during anesthesia. Therefore, giving the client ice chips could increase the risk of aspiration.

Choice C rationale

Starting the prescribed antibiotic is the correct action. Cefazolin is an antibiotic that is often given before surgery to prevent postoperative infections. Administering this medication as ordered can help to ensure that the client is adequately prepared for surgery.

Choice D rationale

While reinforcing preoperative teaching is an important part of nursing care, it is not the most immediate action that should be taken in this situation. The client’s physical preparation for surgery, including the administration of prescribed medications, should be prioritized.

A. Change the dressing on the tracheostomy site. B. Suction the tracheostomy tube. C. Auscultate the client’s lungs. D. Clean the inner cannula.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A.Changing the dressing on the tracheostomy site is an important part of tracheostomy care, but it is not the first action that should be taken.

B.Suctioning the tracheostomy tube should only be performed if there are signs of airway obstruction (e.g., increased secretions, decreased oxygenation, or adventitious breath sounds). Suctioning too frequently or unnecessarily can cause mucosal damage and hypoxia.

C. Auscultating the lungs helps the nurse determine if there is increased secretions, diminished breath sounds, or other airway concerns that may require suctioning. This ensures that care is performed appropriately based on the client’s needs.

D.Cleaning the inner cannula is a necessary part of tracheostomy care, but it should bedone after assessing the airway and performing suctioning if needed.

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A nurse is providing instructions to a patient who has been prescribed diltiazem sustained-release tablets for hypertension.Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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A nurse is providing instructions to a patient who has been prescribed diltiazem sustained-release tablets for hypertension.
Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?