A nurse is providing education to the family of a client who has infectious endocarditis. which of the following statements made by the nurse is accurate regarding this condition?
"Endocarditis is an infection of the endocardium resulting from a bloodborne pathogen that adheres to an injured part of the endocardium.
"Only children with congenital heart disease are at risk for endocarditis, so your child likely has an underlying condition."
"Endocarditis and its sequalae are localized to the heart and do not typically impact other parts of the body."
"Endocarditis only occurs in children who are immunocompromised, because they are not able to fight off the bacterial infection in the heart."
The Correct Answer is A
Rationale:
A. This statement is accurate. Infective endocarditis occurs when bacteria or other pathogens in the bloodstream attach to damaged areas of the endocardium or heart valves, leading to vegetation formation and potential systemic complications.
B. This is incorrect because anyone with predisposing factors, such as prosthetic heart valves, previous endocarditis, or certain cardiac lesions, can develop endocarditis. It is not limited to children or congenital heart disease.
C. This is incorrect because infective endocarditis can have systemic effects, including septic emboli, stroke, renal infarction, and other organ involvement.
D. While immunocompromised patients are at increased risk, endocarditis can occur in any patient with susceptible cardiac endothelium or exposure to pathogens, regardless of age or immune status.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","C"]
Explanation
Rationale:
A. ESR is a nonspecific marker of inflammation. In pericarditis, inflammation of the pericardium leads to an elevated ESR, reflecting the systemic inflammatory response.
B. BNP is elevated in heart failure due to ventricular stretch and volume overload. While pericarditis can affect cardiac function, BNP is not a primary diagnostic marker for pericarditis unless there is associated heart failure.
C. CRP is another nonspecific marker of inflammation. It is commonly elevated in pericarditis and correlates with disease activity and severity.
D. Blood urea nitrogen is a marker of renal function and is not typically affected by pericarditis unless there is concurrent kidney impairment.
E. TSH is used to assess thyroid function and is not related to the inflammatory process seen in pericarditis.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Catheter ablation does not directly improve myocardial contractility; its purpose is focused on electrical conduction rather than muscle strength.
B. While controlling ventricular response may occur with medications, ablation targets the atrial electrical pathways rather than directly controlling ventricular rate.
C. Anticoagulation decisions depend on stroke risk (e.g., CHA₂DS₂-VASc score); ablation does not automatically remove the need for anticoagulants.
D. The primary goal of catheter ablation in atrial fibrillation is to eliminate abnormal electrical pathways causing arrhythmia, thereby restoring and maintaining normal sinus rhythm and reducing symptoms.
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