A nurse is providing dietary teaching for a client who has Cushing's disease. Which of the following recommendations should the nurse include in the teaching?

Increase carbohydrate intake.

Limit intake of potassium-rich foods.

Restrict sodium intake.

Decrease protein intake.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Increase carbohydrate intake.: This is incorrect. Cushing’s disease is characterized by excessive cortisol, which can lead to increased blood glucose levels, making carbohydrate intake less desirable. Clients with Cushing's disease often need to manage their blood sugar levels, so they should not increase carbohydrates indiscriminately.
B. Limit intake of potassium-rich foods.: This is incorrect. In Cushing’s disease, elevated cortisol levels can lead to potassium depletion, so clients should actually increase their intake of potassium-rich foods to help counteract the effects of low potassium, not limit them.
C. Restrict sodium intake.: This is correct. Cushing’s disease often results in fluid retention and hypertension due to increased cortisol and aldosterone levels. Restricting sodium helps manage these symptoms and reduces the risk of complications such as edema and high blood pressure.
D. Decrease protein intake.: This is incorrect. While protein breakdown is a feature of Cushing's disease, protein intake should not necessarily be decreased. Adequate protein intake is important to prevent muscle wasting, a common issue in clients with Cushing’s disease.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. A peak flow of more than 40% would indicate that the patient's asthma is not in an acute exacerbation. This patient's symptoms, such as confusion and inability to speak, suggest a severe asthma attack, and the peak flow would likely be much lower.
B. Bradycardia is not typically associated with severe asthma exacerbations. Tachycardia is more commonly observed as the body attempts to compensate for hypoxia.
C. Loud and prominent wheezing is usually seen in less severe cases of asthma. In this case, the inability to speak and confusion suggest severe respiratory distress, where wheezing might be diminished or absent due to poor air movement.
D. Deteriorating arterial blood gas (ABG) results, with low oxygen levels (hypoxemia) and elevated carbon dioxide levels (hypercapnia), would be expected in a patient with severe asthma exacerbation. These signs indicate respiratory failure and the need for urgent intervention.

A. Maintain an IV of 0.45% sodium chloride. B. Restrict fluid intake to 1,000 mL per day. C. Provide a diet containing 2 g of sodium per day. D. Administer desmopressin acetate 0.2 mg orally.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Maintaining an IV of 0.45% sodium chloride would not be appropriate for SIADH because it is a hypotonic solution, and it could exacerbate the already low sodium levels in the patient, potentially worsening hyponatremia.
B. Fluid restriction is the primary treatment for SIADH as it helps reduce water retention, which is causing the dilution of sodium in the blood. Restricting fluid intake to 1,000 mL per day helps manage hyponatremia in these patients.
C. A diet containing 2 g of sodium per day is not typically indicated in SIADH. Restricting fluid is the main focus, and increasing sodium intake can often be counterproductive in SIADH, as the sodium imbalance is primarily due to excessive water retention.
D. Desmopressin acetate is typically used in diabetes insipidus, not SIADH. Desmopressin acts as an antidiuretic hormone (ADH) agonist, which would worsen the water retention in SIADH, not improve it.

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A nurse is providing dietary teaching for a client who has Cushing's disease. Which of the following recommendations should the nurse include in the teaching?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient with asthma is admitted with severe dyspnea and is unable to speak. The nurse finds that the patient looks drowsy and confused. Which other finding would the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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