A nurse is providing dietary teaching for a client who has Cushing's disease. Which of the following recommendations should the nurse include in the teaching?
Increase carbohydrate intake.
Limit intake of potassium-rich foods.
Restrict sodium intake.
Decrease protein intake.
The Correct Answer is C
A. Increase carbohydrate intake.: This is incorrect. Cushing’s disease is characterized by excessive cortisol, which can lead to increased blood glucose levels, making carbohydrate intake less desirable. Clients with Cushing's disease often need to manage their blood sugar levels, so they should not increase carbohydrates indiscriminately.
B. Limit intake of potassium-rich foods.: This is incorrect. In Cushing’s disease, elevated cortisol levels can lead to potassium depletion, so clients should actually increase their intake of potassium-rich foods to help counteract the effects of low potassium, not limit them.
C. Restrict sodium intake.: This is correct. Cushing’s disease often results in fluid retention and hypertension due to increased cortisol and aldosterone levels. Restricting sodium helps manage these symptoms and reduces the risk of complications such as edema and high blood pressure.
D. Decrease protein intake.: This is incorrect. While protein breakdown is a feature of Cushing's disease, protein intake should not necessarily be decreased. Adequate protein intake is important to prevent muscle wasting, a common issue in clients with Cushing’s disease.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Using a lift sheet is helpful for preventing injury and ensuring safe handling of the patient, but it is not the most critical safety measure for a patient with Cushing’s syndrome.
B. Assisting the patient to change positions slowly is the most important safety measure for a patient with Cushing’s syndrome. Patients with Cushing’s syndrome often have osteoporosis and a risk of fractures due to prolonged exposure to high cortisol levels, which can lead to weakened bones. Orthostatic hypotension may also occur, so changing positions slowly can prevent falls.
C. Padding the siderails of the bed is typically done for patients at risk of seizures or those with neurological issues, not as a primary concern for patients with Cushing’s syndrome.
D. While keeping suction equipment at the bedside is important for patients at risk of aspiration or respiratory issues, it is not the most critical measure for a patient with Cushing’s syndrome. The most significant concern is the risk of falls and fractures due to bone weakening and potential hypotension.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Exercising safe sex practices, especially in regard to human papillomavirus (HPV), is important because HPV is a known risk factor for head and neck cancers, particularly oropharyngeal cancers. Safe sex practices, including the use of barriers like condoms, can reduce the risk of HPV infection.
B. Reducing smoking to half a pack/day is still a significant risk factor for head and neck cancer. The best approach is to quit smoking completely, as even small amounts of tobacco use increase the risk of cancer.
C. Alcohol consumption is a known risk factor for head and neck cancer, particularly when combined with smoking. The nurse should educate the client to limit alcohol intake or avoid it altogether.
D. Using harsh toothpastes or mouthwashes does not significantly affect the risk of head and neck cancer. However, maintaining good oral hygiene is important for overall health.
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