A nurse is providing care to a client who has Parkinson's disease and is having difficulty swallowing. Which of the following departments should the nurse plan to contact for a consultation?

Nutritional therapy

Speech therapy

Occupational therapy

Respiratory therapy

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A Reason:

Nutritional therapy is not appropriate. While nutritional therapy may be involved in assessing the client's overall nutritional status and dietary needs, it may not specifically address the swallowing difficulty associated with Parkinson's disease.

Choice B Reason:

Speech therapy is appropriate. Speech therapy, also known as speech-language pathology, plays a crucial role in assessing and managing dysphagia. Speech therapists can evaluate the client's swallowing function and provide interventions to improve swallowing safety and efficiency.

Choice C Reason:

Occupational therapy is incorrect. Occupational therapy focuses on helping individuals engage in meaningful activities of daily living. While occupational therapists may play a role in dysphagia management, speech therapy is typically the primary discipline involved in addressing swallowing difficulties.

Choice D Reason:

Respiratory therapy: Respiratory therapy primarily focuses on evaluating and managing respiratory conditions, such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and ventilator support. While dysphagia can sometimes lead to aspiration pneumonia and respiratory complications, respiratory therapists are not typically involved in the assessment and management of dysphagia itself.

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Correct Answer is ["A","D","E"]

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

Epithelial cells is correct. Epithelial cells lining the airways play a role in initiating the inflammatory response in asthma by releasing cytokines and other inflammatory mediators. These cells can contribute to the circulatory surge of inflammatory cells and cytokines seen in status asthmaticus.

Choice B Reason:

OT lymphocytes is incorrect. There is no specific cell type known as "OT lymphocytes." It's possible this may refer to T lymphocytes (T cells), which are involved in the immune response in asthma but are not typically associated with a circulatory surge in status asthmaticus.

Choice C Reason:

Hyperreactivity is incorrect. Hyperreactivity refers to the exaggerated response of the airways to various stimuli, leading to bronchoconstriction and inflammation. While hyperreactivity is a characteristic feature of asthma, it does not directly contribute to a circulatory surge of inflammatory cells and cytokines.

Choice D Reason:

Mast cells is correct. Mast cells are key players in the pathophysiology of asthma. They release various inflammatory mediators, including histamine and leukotrienes, which contribute to airway inflammation, bronchoconstriction, and mucus production. Mast cells can participate in the circulatory surge of inflammatory cells and cytokines in status asthmaticus.

Choice E Reason:

Inflammation is correct. Inflammation is a hallmark feature of asthma and plays a central role in the pathogenesis of status asthmaticus. The inflammatory response involves the recruitment and activation of various inflammatory cells, release of cytokines, and other mediators that contribute to airway obstruction and systemic effects.

A. Repeating the same question over and over B. Awareness of COPD manifestations C. Anxiety and restlessness D. Motivation and engagement of the client

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

Repeating the same question over and over is incorrect. Repeating the same question over and over is not a desired outcome of client education. It may indicate confusion or cognitive impairment rather than effective learning and understanding of COPD management.

Choice B Reason:

Awareness of COPD manifestations is incorrect. This is a desirable outcome of client education. Increasing the client's awareness of COPD manifestations, such as dyspnea, coughing, and sputum production, can help them recognize exacerbations early and take appropriate action to manage their condition.

Choice C Reason:

Anxiety and restlessness is incorrect. Anxiety and restlessness are not desired outcomes of client education. While anxiety is common in individuals with COPD due to the chronic nature of the condition and its impact on daily activities, education should aim to reduce anxiety by providing information and strategies for coping with COPD-related symptoms and challenges.

Choice D Reason:

Motivation and engagement of the client is correct. This is a desirable outcome of client education. Motivating and engaging the client in their own care empowers them to take an active role in managing their COPD and improving their quality of life. Education should provide information, support, and encouragement to help the client feel motivated and engaged in self-management strategies.

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A nurse is providing care to a client who has Parkinson's disease and is having difficulty swallowing. Which of the following departments should the nurse plan to contact for a consultation?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client with manifestations of status asthmaticus. Which of the following factors play a role in creating circulatory surge of inflammatory cells and cytokines in this condition? (Select all that apply.) (Select All that Apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","D","E"]

Explanation

A nurse is providing a client who has COPD with education regarding adapting their behavior. Which of the following describes an anticipated outcome following education of the client?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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