A nurse is providing care for a client who has diabetes insipidus (DI). Which of the following is a cause of acquired central diabetes insipidus?

Choice A Reason:

Acetaminophen is often used to manage pain and fever associated with pericarditis. It is a common analgesic and antipyretic that helps alleviate discomfort without causing significant gastrointestinal side effects. However, it does not have anti-inflammatory properties, so it is typically used in conjunction with other medications that address inflammation.

Choice B Reason:

Amiodarone is an antiarrhythmic medication used to treat and prevent various types of serious irregular heartbeats, such as ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation. It is not typically used for treating pericarditis, as it does not address the inflammation or pain associated with the condition.

Choice C Reason:

Indomethacin is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is effective in reducing inflammation and pain associated with pericarditis. NSAIDs are commonly prescribed for pericarditis to help manage symptoms and reduce inflammation. Indomethacin, along with other NSAIDs like ibuprofen, is often part of the first-line treatment for this condition.

Choice A reason: Exercise

Exercise is a crucial component in the management of peripheral venous disease (PVD). Regular physical activity helps improve blood circulation and reduces symptoms such as pain and swelling. Walking, in particular, is highly recommended as it promotes venous return and enhances overall cardiovascular health. Exercise also helps in weight management, which can alleviate the pressure on the veins and improve symptoms of PVD.

Choice B reason: Elevation of Legs

Elevating the legs is a simple yet effective way to reduce swelling and improve blood flow in patients with PVD1. By raising the legs above the level of the heart, gravity helps to reduce the pooling of blood in the lower extremities, thereby decreasing edema and discomfort. This practice is especially beneficial when done regularly, such as during rest periods or while sleeping.

Choice C reason: Intermittent Pneumatic Compression Pumps

Intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) pumps are devices used to enhance blood flow in the legs. These devices consist of inflatable sleeves that wrap around the legs and periodically inflate and deflate, mimicking the natural muscle contractions that help push blood back toward the heart. IPC pumps are particularly useful for patients who are immobile or have difficulty engaging in physical activity, as they help prevent blood clots and reduce swelling.

Choice D reason: Ankle-Brachial Index Test

The ankle-brachial index (ABI) test is a diagnostic tool used to assess the severity of peripheral artery disease (PAD), not peripheral venous disease. The test compares the blood pressure in the ankle with the blood pressure in the arm to determine the presence of arterial blockages. While the ABI test is important for diagnosing PAD, it is not a treatment or management strategy for PVD. Therefore, it is not included in the plan of care for PVD.

Choice E reason: Layered Wraps

Layered wraps, also known as compression bandages, are used to manage symptoms of PVD by providing consistent pressure to the legs. These wraps help reduce swelling, improve venous return, and prevent the formation of ulcers. Compression therapy is a cornerstone in the management of chronic venous insufficiency and related conditions, making layered wraps an essential part of the care plan for patients with PVD.