A nurse is providing care for a client who has diabetes insipidus (DI). Which of the following is a cause of acquired central diabetes insipidus?

Hypokalemia

Surgery

Renal failure

Sickle cell disease

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A Reason:

Hypokalemia, or low potassium levels, is not a direct cause of central diabetes insipidus. Central diabetes insipidus is primarily related to issues with the production or release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) from the hypothalamus or pituitary gland. Hypokalemia can affect kidney function but does not typically cause central diabetes insipidus.

Choice B Reason:

Surgery, particularly brain surgery, can cause central diabetes insipidus by damaging the hypothalamus or pituitary gland. These structures are crucial for the production and release of ADH, which regulates water balance in the body. Damage to these areas during surgery can lead to a deficiency in ADH, resulting in central diabetes insipidus.

Choice C Reason:

Renal failure is not a cause of central diabetes insipidus. While renal failure affects the kidneys’ ability to filter waste and balance fluids, central diabetes insipidus is related to a deficiency in ADH production or release. Renal failure can lead to other types of diabetes insipidus, such as nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, where the kidneys do not respond properly to ADH.

Choice D Reason:

Sickle cell disease is not a direct cause of central diabetes insipidus. Sickle cell disease primarily affects red blood cells and can lead to various complications, including kidney damage. However, it does not typically cause central diabetes insipidus, which is related to issues with ADH production or release.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

The adrenal glands play a crucial role in responding to low blood glucose levels by releasing epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine. These hormones help to increase blood glucose levels by stimulating glycogenolysis (the breakdown of glycogen to glucose) and gluconeogenesis (the production of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources) in the liver. This response is part of the body’s fight-or-flight mechanism, which ensures that sufficient glucose is available for immediate energy needs.

Choice B Reason:

The liver does not release glucagon; rather, it responds to glucagon, which is released by the pancreas. Glucagon stimulates the liver to convert stored glycogen into glucose (glycogenolysis) and to produce glucose from non-carbohydrate sources (gluconeogenesis). This process helps to raise blood glucose levels when they are low.

Choice C Reason:

Glycogenesis is the process of converting glucose into glycogen for storage, and it occurs primarily in the liver and muscle cells, not in the pancreas. The pancreas releases insulin to promote glycogenesis when blood glucose levels are high, but it does not perform glycogenesis itself.

Choice D Reason:

The brain primarily uses glucose for energy and does not switch to using protein unless glucose levels are extremely low and prolonged. In such cases, the brain can use ketone bodies derived from fat as an alternative energy source. Protein is not a primary energy source for the brain under normal conditions.

A. Acetaminophen B. Amiodarone C. Indomethacin

Correct Answer is ["A","C"]

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

Acetaminophen is often used to manage pain and fever associated with pericarditis. It is a common analgesic and antipyretic that helps alleviate discomfort without causing significant gastrointestinal side effects. However, it does not have anti-inflammatory properties, so it is typically used in conjunction with other medications that address inflammation.

Choice B Reason:

Amiodarone is an antiarrhythmic medication used to treat and prevent various types of serious irregular heartbeats, such as ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation. It is not typically used for treating pericarditis, as it does not address the inflammation or pain associated with the condition.

Choice C Reason:

Indomethacin is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is effective in reducing inflammation and pain associated with pericarditis. NSAIDs are commonly prescribed for pericarditis to help manage symptoms and reduce inflammation. Indomethacin, along with other NSAIDs like ibuprofen, is often part of the first-line treatment for this condition.

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A nurse is providing care for a client who has diabetes insipidus (DI). Which of the following is a cause of acquired central diabetes insipidus?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is providing education to a client who has hypoglycemia. Which of the following information should the nurse include about the regulation of blood glucose levels?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a client who has pericarditis. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate to his client? (Select All that Apply)

Correct Answer is ["A","C"]

Explanation

A nurse is providing care for a client with hypokalemia. Which condition should the nurse monitor for?

A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who was admitted with diabetes insipidus. Which of the following teaching topics should be prioritized?

A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a client who has syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Which of the following medications should the nurse question?

A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a client who has pericarditis. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate administering to this client? (Select All that Apply.)

The nurse is caring for a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus who has been taught the dosage of insulin.

A nurse is providing education about insulin management to a client newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements by the nurse about injection site selection is accurate?

A nurse is assessing a client who has peripheral artery disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as requiring immediate intervention?

A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a client who has syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Which of the following medications should the nurse question?