A nurse is preparing to initiate IV therapy for an older adult client. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?

Select a vein on the back of the hand.

Clean the site using vigorous friction.

Use a 22-gauge catheter for insertion.

Apply a tourniquet firmly above the insertion site.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Rationale:

A. Select a vein on the back of the hand: Veins on the dorsum of the hand are often more fragile and prone to infiltration or rupture in older adults. Using a more proximal site, such as the forearm, is generally safer and more stable for IV therapy.

B. Clean the site using vigorous friction: Older adults often have thinner, more delicate skin that can tear easily. While proper antiseptic technique is important, vigorous friction can cause skin trauma and should be avoided during site preparation.

C. Use a 22-gauge catheter for insertion: A 22-gauge catheter is appropriate for older adults because it minimizes vein trauma while still allowing for adequate flow rates. This size is effective for most fluids and medications while reducing the risk of vessel damage.

D. Apply a tourniquet firmly above the insertion site: Applying a tourniquet too tightly can injure fragile veins or cause them to collapse. In older adults, using minimal pressure or alternative vein-dilation methods like warm compresses is often safer.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Rationale:

A. Self-mutilation: This behavior is more commonly associated with borderline personality disorder. Individuals with borderline traits may engage in self-harm as a means of emotional regulation or response to abandonment fears, not typical in antisocial personality disorder.

B. Social isolation: Clients with antisocial personality disorder are often socially manipulative and may actively engage with others for personal gain. They are typically not socially withdrawn but can be superficially charming and exploitative.

C. Paranoid ideation: Paranoia is more closely linked with paranoid or schizotypal personality disorders. While someone with antisocial traits may be suspicious if it serves their manipulative purposes, persistent paranoid ideation is not a defining feature.

D. Lack of empathy: A hallmark feature of antisocial personality disorder is a disregard for others' feelings, rights, and safety. These clients often exhibit a lack of remorse and empathy, making them prone to violating social norms and laws without guilt.

A. Provide a low-stimulation environment. B. Maintain bed rest C. Give antihypertensive medication D. Obtain a 24-hr urine specimen E. Perform a vaginal examination every 12 hr. F. Monitor intake and output hourly G. Administer betamethasone

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D","F","G"]

Explanation

Rationale:

A. Provide a low-stimulation environment: The client has a severe headache, 3+ proteinuria, and elevated BP, indicating severe preeclampsia. A quiet, low-light environment reduces the risk of seizure by limiting neurologic stimulation.

B. Maintain bed rest: Bed rest in a side-lying position improves uteroplacental blood flow and helps lower blood pressure. It also decreases metabolic demand, which is critical in hypertensive pregnancies.

C. Give antihypertensive medication: The BP readings (162/112 and 166/110 mm Hg) require immediate antihypertensive therapy to prevent cerebral hemorrhage, eclampsia, or placental abruption.

D. Obtain a 24-hr urine specimen: A 24-hour urine collection for protein is the gold standard for quantifying proteinuria and confirming the diagnosis of preeclampsia. While a dipstick of 3+ is a strong indicator, the 24-hour collection provides a definitive measurement.

E. Perform a vaginal examination every 12 hr: There are no contractions or signs of labor, so regular vaginal exams are not indicated and increase the risk of infection in a preterm pregnancy.

F. Monitor intake and output hourly: Decreased renal perfusion is a complication of preeclampsia. Hourly monitoring detects oliguria early and helps assess for fluid overload or worsening renal function.

G. Administer betamethasone: At 31 weeks, betamethasone is indicated to enhance fetal lung maturity due to risk of preterm delivery from severe maternal complications.

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A nurse is preparing to initiate IV therapy for an older adult client. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing a client who has antisocial personality disorder. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is continuing to care for the client. Exhibits The nurse is initiating the client's plan of care. Which of the following interventions should the nurse plan to implement? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D","F","G"]

Explanation

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