A nurse is preparing to administer phenylephrine as a vasopressor to treat a patient for hypotension. The desired therapeutic effect of phenylephrine in this context is:
Vasoconstriction
Bronchodilation
Diuresis
Decreased heart rate
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Vasoconstriction is the desired therapeutic effect of phenylephrine in this context. Phenylephrine is a medication that stimulates the alpha1 receptors on the blood vessels, causing them to constrict or narrow. This increases the resistance to blood flow and raises the blood pressure. Phenylephrine is used as a vasopressor to treat hypotension, which is a condition of low blood pressure that can cause dizziness, fainting, or organ damage. The nurse should monitor the blood pressure and the peripheral pulses of the patient after administering phenylephrine.
Choice B reason: Bronchodilation is not the desired therapeutic effect of phenylephrine in this context. Phenylephrine is a medication that stimulates the alpha1 receptors on the blood vessels, causing them to constrict or narrow. It has no effect on the beta2 receptors on the bronchial smooth muscle, which are responsible for bronchodilation or widening of the airways. Phenylephrine is not used to treat respiratory conditions, such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, that cause bronchoconstriction or narrowing of the airways. The nurse should assess the respiratory rate and the breath sounds of the patient after administering phenylephrine.
Choice C reason: Diuresis is not the desired therapeutic effect of phenylephrine in this context. Phenylephrine is a medication that stimulates the alpha1 receptors on the blood vessels, causing them to constrict or narrow. It has no effect on the kidney function or the urine output. Phenylephrine is not used to treat fluid retention or edema, which are conditions of excess fluid in the body that can cause swelling, weight gain, or heart failure. The nurse should measure the urine output and the specific gravity of the patient after administering phenylephrine.
Choice D reason: Decreased heart rate is not the desired therapeutic effect of phenylephrine in this context. Phenylephrine is a medication that stimulates the alpha1 receptors on the blood vessels, causing them to constrict or narrow. It has little or no effect on the beta1 receptors on the heart, which are responsible for increasing the heart rate and the contractility. Phenylephrine may actually cause a reflex bradycardia, which is a slow heart rate that occurs when the baroreceptors in the blood vessels sense an increase in blood pressure and send signals to the brain to lower the heart rate. Phenylephrine is not used to treat tachycardia, which is a fast heart rate that can cause palpitations, chest pain, or arrhythmias. The nurse should monitor the electrocardiogram and the heart rate of the patient after administering phenylephrine.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: This is incorrect. Aspirin can be used to relieve headache, but that is not its main function in this context. Aspirin is prescribed to patients who have had a heart attack to reduce the risk of another one.
Choice B reason: This is incorrect. Aspirin can be used to reduce fever, but that is not its main function in this context. Aspirin is prescribed to patients who have had a heart attack to reduce the risk of another one.
Choice C reason: This is incorrect. Aspirin does not act as an antiviral. It has no effect on viral infections. Aspirin is prescribed to patients who have had a heart attack to reduce the risk of another one.
Choice D reason: This is correct. Aspirin prevents further clot formation by inhibiting the activity of platelets, which are blood cells that help form clots. Clots can block the blood flow to the heart and cause a heart attack. Aspirin reduces the chance of this happening by making the blood less sticky.
Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E","F"]
Explanation
The correct answer is: a. Right route, c. Right dose, d. Right person, e. Right documentation, f. Right medication.
Choice A: Right route
The right route ensures that the medication is administered via the correct method, such as oral, intravenous, or intramuscular. This is crucial because different routes can affect the medication’s absorption and effectiveness. Administering medication via the wrong route can lead to ineffective treatment or even harm the patient.
Choice B: Right to refuse
While patients do have the right to refuse medication, this is not one of the five main rights of medication administration. The five main rights focus on the correct administration process to ensure patient safety and effective treatment.
Choice C: Right dose
The right dose ensures that the patient receives the correct amount of medication. Administering too much or too little can lead to adverse effects or ineffective treatment. This right involves verifying the prescribed dose and measuring it accurately.
Choice D: Right person
The right person ensures that the medication is given to the correct patient. This is typically verified using two identifyers, such as the patient’s name and date of birth, to prevent medication errors.
Choice E: Right documentation
The right documentation involves accurately recording the administration of the medication. This includes noting the time, dose, route, and any observations. Proper documentation is essential for maintaining accurate medical records and ensuring continuity of care.
Choice F: Right medication
The right medication ensures that the correct drug is given to the patient. This involves checking the medication label against the doctor’s order to prevent errors. Administering the wrong medication can have serious consequences.
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