A nurse is planning to teach an adolescent who is lactose intolerant about dietary guidelines.
Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

The correct answer is choiced. Encourage the adolescent to perform incentive spirometry to maintain lung capacity.

Choice A rationale: Avoiding influenza and pneumococcal vaccines for 24 months is not recommended. Vaccinations are crucial for preventing respiratory infections, which can be particularly dangerous for individuals with muscular dystrophy due to their compromised respiratory function.

Choice B rationale: Initiating a referral for chest physiotherapy every 4 hours is excessive and impractical. While chest physiotherapy can be beneficial, it is typically recommended at a frequency that is manageable and tailored to the individual’s needs.

Choice C rationale: Recommending the adolescent use a wheelchair to prevent stress on the lower extremities is not ideal. Encouraging mobility and physical activity as tolerated is important to maintain muscle strength and function for as long as possible.

Choice D rationale: Encouraging the adolescent to perform incentive spirometry to maintain lung capacity is appropriate. Incentive spirometry helps improve lung function and prevent respiratory complications, which are common in individuals with muscular dystrophy.

Choice A rationale

Initiating bleeding precautions is an important action when caring for a child with acute lymphocytic leukemia. These patients are at increased risk of bleeding due to decreased platelet counts.

Choice B rationale

Placing the child in a knee-chest position is not typically necessary in the care of a child with acute lymphocytic leukemia.

Choice C rationale

Applying viscous lidocaine to the oral mucosa is not typically necessary in the care of a child with acute lymphocytic leukemia.

Choice D rationale

Obtaining a rectal temperature every 4 hours is not typically necessary in the care of a child with acute lymphocytic leukemia. However, regular monitoring of the child’s temperature is important to detect any signs of infection.