A nurse is planning to apply a transdermal analgesic cream prior to inserting an IV for a preschool-age child. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take? (Select all that apply)

A. "HIPAA is a federal law, not a state law": This statement is correct. HIPAA, the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, is a federal law enacted in 1996 to protect the privacy and security of individually identifiable health information. It applies nationwide and sets national standards for the protection of health information.
B. "HIPAA established regulations of individually identifiable health information in verbal, electronic, or written form": This statement is accurate. HIPAA regulations govern the privacy and security of protected health information (PHI) in various forms, including verbal, electronic, and written formats. The regulations apply to covered entities such as healthcare providers, health plans, and healthcare clearinghouses.
C. "Information about a client can be disclosed to family members at any time": This statement is incorrect. HIPAA regulations restrict the disclosure of protected health information (PHI) to third parties, including family members, without the patient's authorization, except in certain circumstances outlined in the law. While there are provisions for sharing PHI with family members involved in the patient's care, such disclosures typically require the patient's consent or may be permitted under specific exceptions, such as in emergency situations or when the patient is incapacitated.
D. "A client's address would be an example of personally identifiable information": This statement is accurate. Personally identifiable information (PII) under HIPAA includes any information that can be used to identify an individual, directly or indirectly, including names, addresses, dates of birth, social security numbers, and other demographic data. Therefore, a client's address would indeed be considered personally identifiable information under HIPAA.

A. Rotate assignment of daily caregivers: Consistency in caregivers is important for individuals with Alzheimer's disease to build trust and rapport. Rotating caregivers frequently may disrupt the client's routine and lead to increased confusion and anxiety.
B. Provide an activity schedule that changes from day to day: Consistency and routine are beneficial for individuals with Alzheimer's disease as they provide structure and predictability. A consistent activity schedule helps the client feel more secure and can reduce agitation and behavioral issues.
C. Limit time for the client to perform activities: While it may be necessary to pace activities based on the client's abilities and fatigue level, arbitrarily limiting time for the client to perform activities can be counterproductive. Instead, individualizing the pace of activities based on the client's preferences and abilities is more beneficial.
D. Talk the client through tasks one step at a time: Individuals with Alzheimer's disease often experience cognitive impairment, including difficulty with memory, attention, and problem-solving. Breaking tasks down into manageable steps and providing clear, simple instructions can help the client understand and complete activities of daily living more effectively. This intervention supports the client's independence and reduces frustration.