A nurse is planning to administer immunizations to a 2-month-old infant. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to decrease the infant's pain?
Ask the parent to leave the room during the injections.
Administer the injections while the infant is breastfeeding.
Apply a warm pack to the injection site prior to administration.
Administer the injections in the deltoid muscle.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Asking the parent to leave the room during the injections is not recommended as the presence of a parent can provide comfort to the infant, which may help in reducing pain and anxiety.
Choice B reason: Administering the injections while the infant is breastfeeding is an effective method to decrease pain. Breastfeeding provides comfort and distraction, and the natural sugars in breast milk can have a mild analgesic effect.
Choice C reason: Applying a warm pack to the injection site prior to administration is not a standard practice for reducing pain from immunizations. Instead, using a cold compress after the injection can help to reduce swelling and discomfort.
Choice D reason: Administering injections in the deltoid muscle is not appropriate for a 2-month-old infant due to the underdeveloped muscle mass. The anterolateral thigh is the recommended site for immunizations in infants.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Teaching the child about cast care is important, but it is not the first action to take. Education on cast maintenance and activity restrictions will follow after addressing immediate needs.
Choice B reason: Administering pain medication should be the first action taken by the nurse. After a cast application for a fracture, the child is likely experiencing pain, and managing this pain is a priority to ensure comfort and facilitate healing.
Choice C reason: Elevating the child's leg is a subsequent action that can help reduce swelling and discomfort, but it is not the first action to take. Pain management is the priority before positioning.
Choice D reason: Petaling the edges of the cast, which involves placing soft material around the rough edges to prevent skin irritation, is important but not the first action. The initial focus should be on pain relief.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Genital herpes simplex virus is a common sexually transmitted infection, but it is not nationally notifiable. It is managed with antiviral medications and patient education.
Choice B reason: Bacterial vaginosis is a condition caused by an imbalance of bacteria in the vagina and is not classified as a sexually transmitted infection. It is not nationally notifiable.
Choice C reason: Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by a parasite. While it is common and treatable, it is not nationally notifiable.
Choice D reason: Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted bacterial infection that is nationally notifiable. Public health departments track cases of gonorrhea to monitor and control outbreaks.
Choice E reason: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection and can lead to health problems like genital warts and cancers. However, it is not nationally notifiable.
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