A nurse is planning care for a client who has Parkinson's disease. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.)

Choice A reason:

This is a correct answer. Encouraging the client to perform ADLs independently helps to maintain their functional ability, self-esteem, and quality of life. The nurse should provide assistance and supervision as needed, but avoid doing everything for the client.

Choice B reason:

This is an incorrect answer. Providing the client with a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet can interfere with the absorption and effectiveness of levodopa-carbidopa, which is the main medication used to treat Parkinson's disease. The nurse should provide the client with a balanced diet that includes adequate fluids and fiber.

Choice C reason:

This is a correct answer. Administering levodopa-carbidopa as prescribed helps to reduce the symptoms of Parkinson's disease such as tremors, rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural instability. Levodopa is converted to dopamine in the brain, which is deficient in clients who have Parkinson's disease. Carbidopa prevents the breakdown of levodopa in the peripheral tissues, allowing more levodopa to reach the brain.

Choice D reason:

This is a correct answer. Teaching the client to use assistive devices such as a walker or cane helps to improve their mobility, balance, and safety. The nurse should also teach the client strategies to overcome freezing episodes, such as rocking from side to side or stepping over an imaginary line.

Choice E reason:

This is a correct answer. Monitoring the client for orthostatic hypotension helps to prevent falls and injuries. Orthostatic hypotension is a common complication of Parkinson's disease and its medications, which can cause a sudden drop in blood pressure when changing positions. The nurse should instruct the client to change positions slowly and report any symptoms such as dizziness, lightheadedness, or fainting.