A nurse is planning care for a client who has Parkinson's disease. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.)

Encourage the client to perform activities of daily living (ADLs) independently

Provide the client with a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet

Administer levodopa-carbidopa as prescribed

Teach the client to use assistive devices such as a walker or cane

Monitor the client for orthostatic hypotension

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,C,D,E

Choice A reason:

This is a correct answer. Encouraging the client to perform ADLs independently helps to maintain their functional ability, self-esteem, and quality of life. The nurse should provide assistance and supervision as needed, but avoid doing everything for the client.

Choice B reason:

This is an incorrect answer. Providing the client with a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet can interfere with the absorption and effectiveness of levodopa-carbidopa, which is the main medication used to treat Parkinson's disease. The nurse should provide the client with a balanced diet that includes adequate fluids and fiber.

Choice C reason:

This is a correct answer. Administering levodopa-carbidopa as prescribed helps to reduce the symptoms of Parkinson's disease such as tremors, rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural instability. Levodopa is converted to dopamine in the brain, which is deficient in clients who have Parkinson's disease. Carbidopa prevents the breakdown of levodopa in the peripheral tissues, allowing more levodopa to reach the brain.

Choice D reason:

This is a correct answer. Teaching the client to use assistive devices such as a walker or cane helps to improve their mobility, balance, and safety. The nurse should also teach the client strategies to overcome freezing episodes, such as rocking from side to side or stepping over an imaginary line.

Choice E reason:

This is a correct answer. Monitoring the client for orthostatic hypotension helps to prevent falls and injuries. Orthostatic hypotension is a common complication of Parkinson's disease and its medications, which can cause a sudden drop in blood pressure when changing positions. The nurse should instruct the client to change positions slowly and report any symptoms such as dizziness, lightheadedness, or fainting.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason:

This is an incorrect answer. A tonic-clonic seizure (also known as a grand mal seizure) is characterized by alternating phases of muscle rigidity and jerking movements, along with loss of consciousness and postictal confusion.

Choice B reason:

This is a correct answer. An absence seizure (also known as a petit mal seizure) is characterized by brief episodes of staring, blinking, lip smacking, or other subtle movements, along with impaired awareness and no postictal confusion.

Choice C reason:

This is an incorrect answer. A myoclonic seizure is characterized by sudden, brief, and irregular muscle contractions, usually involving the arms, legs, or trunk.

Choice D reason:

This is an incorrect answer. An atonic seizure (also known as a drop attack) is characterized by sudden loss of muscle tone, resulting in falling or collapsing.

A. "You have a brain injury that affects your memory." B. "Don't worry, your memory will come back soon." C. "What do you think happened to you?" D. "Tell me more about how you feel right now."

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason:

This is an incorrect answer. The nurse should not give information that might overwhelm or distress the client without assessing their readiness to learn.

Choice B reason:

This is an incorrect answer. The nurse should not give false reassurance or minimize the client's condition.

Choice C reason:

This is an incorrect answer. The nurse should not ask questions that might confuse or frustrate the client who has memory impairment.

Choice D reason:

This is a correct answer. The nurse should use therapeutic communication techniques such as exploring feelings, reflecting, and active listening to provide emotional support and establish rapport with the client.

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A nurse is planning care for a client who has Parkinson's disease. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is monitoring a client who has a seizure disorder. The nurse observes that the client has brief episodes of staring, blinking, and lip smacking. The nurse should document this type of seizure as:

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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