A nurse is educating a client who has multiple sclerosis about glia cells. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

"Glia cells produce myelin that insulates nerve fibers."

"Glia cells transmit electrical impulses along nerve fibers."

"Glia cells secrete neurotransmitters that communicate with other cells."

"Glia cells destroy pathogens and foreign substances in the nervous system."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason:

This is a correct answer. Glia cells are supportive cells that provide insulation, protection, nutrition, and regulation for neurons. One type of glia cells, called oligodendrocytes, produce myelin that insulates nerve fibers and increases the speed of electrical impulses.

Choice B reason:

This is an incorrect answer. Glia cells do not transmit electrical impulses along nerve fibers. This is the function of neurons, which are the primary cells of the nervous system.

Choice C reason:

This is an incorrect answer. Glia cells do not secrete neurotransmitters that communicate with other cells. This is also the function of neurons, which release neurotransmitters at the synapses to transmit signals to other neurons, muscles, or glands.

Choice D reason:

This is an incorrect answer. Glia cells do not destroy pathogens and foreign substances in the nervous system. This is the function of microglia, which are a type of immune cells that reside in the nervous system and act as macrophages.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason:

This is a correct statement. The central nervous system (CNS) is responsible for processing sensory information, generating motor commands, and regulating cognitive and emotional functions.

Choice B reason:

This is an incorrect statement. The peripheral nervous system (PNS) consists of the cranial nerves, spinal nerves, and ganglia that connect the CNS to the rest of the body.

Choice C reason:

This is a correct statement. The autonomic nervous system (ANS) regulates involuntary functions of smooth muscles, cardiac muscles, and glands. It has two branches: the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS).

Choice D reason:

This is a correct statement. The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) prepares the body for stress or emergency situations by increasing heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, and blood glucose levels. It also dilates the pupils, bronchi, and blood vessels to skeletal muscles.

A. Elevated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein level B. Decreased serum creatinine kinase (CK) level C. Increased CSF white blood cell (WBC) count D. Decreased serum sodium level

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason:

This is an incorrect answer. Elevated CSF protein level is a common finding in clients who have GBS due to demyelination of peripheral nerves. It does not indicate infection or inflammation and does not require immediate intervention.

Choice B reason:

This is an incorrect answer. Decreased serum CK level is a normal finding in clients who have GBS because CK is released from damaged muscle tissue and GBS does not affect muscle cells directly.

Choice C reason:

This is a correct answer. Increased CSF WBC count indicates infection or inflammation in the central nervous system (CNS), which can be a complication of GBS or a sign of another condition such as meningitis or encephalitis. The nurse should report this finding to the provider for further evaluation and treatment.

Choice D reason:

This is an incorrect answer. Decreased serum sodium level can occur.

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A nurse is educating a client who has multiple sclerosis about glia cells. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

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