A nurse is planning care for a client who has malabsorption syndrome with severe steatorrhea. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include?

Decrease folic acid intake.

Increase lactose intake.

Provide a gluten-free diet.

Provide a low-fat diet.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A) Decrease folic acid intake: Decreasing folic acid intake is not advisable for clients with malabsorption syndrome. In fact, clients with malabsorption often require increased folic acid due to poor absorption of nutrients, especially in conditions like celiac disease or other causes of malabsorption.

B) Increase lactose intake: Increasing lactose intake is not appropriate for clients with malabsorption syndrome, particularly if they have lactose intolerance. Lactose can exacerbate symptoms such as diarrhea and steatorrhea in these clients.

C) Provide a gluten-free diet: A gluten-free diet is crucial for clients with celiac disease, which is a type of malabsorption syndrome. However, if the malabsorption syndrome is due to another cause, a gluten-free diet might not address the issue. The focus should be on managing fat intake to reduce steatorrhea.

D) Provide a low-fat diet: A low-fat diet is the most appropriate intervention for managing severe steatorrhea, which is the presence of excess fat in the stool. Reducing fat intake helps to minimize fat malabsorption and the associated symptoms, providing relief from steatorrhea.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) HDL 65 mg/dL: High-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels of 65 mg/dL are considered protective against heart disease. Higher HDL levels are generally associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease, so this result is not a concern.

B) LDL 120 mg/dL: Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels of 120 mg/dL are elevated for individuals at increased risk of cardiovascular disease, especially with a family history of hyperlipidemia and cardiac disease. An LDL level above 100 mg/dL is a risk factor for heart disease, making this result important to report to the provider for potential intervention.

C) Cholesterol 195 mg/dL: A total cholesterol level of 195 mg/dL is slightly above the recommended level of less than 200 mg/dL but may not be immediately alarming unless the client has other risk factors. However, this value alone is not as critical as LDL levels in assessing risk.

D) Triglycerides 175 mg/dL: Triglyceride levels of 175 mg/dL are slightly elevated, as normal levels are typically less than 150 mg/dL. While elevated triglycerides are a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, this level is less critical compared to elevated LDL levels in the context of the client’s family history.

A. Offer the client a small meal if she is not nauseated. B. Administer 1 mg of glucagon intramuscularly to the client. C. Contact the client's provider for further instructions D. Transport the client to an emergency department for treatment.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) Offer the client a small meal if she is not nauseated:
While eating a small meal can help raise blood glucose levels, it is not the immediate priority in a severe hypoglycemia situation. The client might be unconscious or unable to swallow safely, making this action inappropriate as a first step.

B) Administer 1 mg of glucagon intramuscularly to the client:
Administering glucagon intramuscularly is the most crucial initial action. Glucagon rapidly increases blood glucose levels by stimulating glycogen breakdown in the liver. This is vital for quickly reversing severe hypoglycemia, especially if the client is unconscious or unable to ingest carbohydrates orally.

C) Contact the client's provider for further instructions:
Contacting the provider is essential, but it should occur after addressing the immediate hypoglycemic episode. Once the client's condition stabilizes, further guidance can be sought from the healthcare provider.

D) Transport the client to an emergency department for treatment:
Transporting the client to the emergency department is necessary if the hypoglycemia does not improve after administering glucagon or if the client remains unresponsive. However, it is not the first action; immediate glucagon administration takes precedence to stabilize the client's condition before considering transportation.

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A nurse is planning care for a client who has malabsorption syndrome with severe steatorrhea. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include?

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