A nurse is planning care for a client who has malabsorption syndrome with severe steatorrhea. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include?

Decrease folic acid intake.

Increase lactose intake.

Provide a gluten-free diet.

Provide a low-fat diet.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A) Decrease folic acid intake: Decreasing folic acid intake is not advisable for clients with malabsorption syndrome. In fact, clients with malabsorption often require increased folic acid due to poor absorption of nutrients, especially in conditions like celiac disease or other causes of malabsorption.

B) Increase lactose intake: Increasing lactose intake is not appropriate for clients with malabsorption syndrome, particularly if they have lactose intolerance. Lactose can exacerbate symptoms such as diarrhea and steatorrhea in these clients.

C) Provide a gluten-free diet: A gluten-free diet is crucial for clients with celiac disease, which is a type of malabsorption syndrome. However, if the malabsorption syndrome is due to another cause, a gluten-free diet might not address the issue. The focus should be on managing fat intake to reduce steatorrhea.

D) Provide a low-fat diet: A low-fat diet is the most appropriate intervention for managing severe steatorrhea, which is the presence of excess fat in the stool. Reducing fat intake helps to minimize fat malabsorption and the associated symptoms, providing relief from steatorrhea.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A) Metabolic acidosis: In metabolic acidosis, you would expect a low pH (acidosis) with a low bicarbonate (HCO3-) level. However, the given bicarbonate level is within the normal range (22-26 mEq/L), which indicates the acidosis is not metabolic in origin.

B) Metabolic alkalosis: Metabolic alkalosis would present with a high pH (alkalosis) and an elevated bicarbonate (HCO3-) level. The pH in this case is low, indicating acidosis, and the bicarbonate level is normal, ruling out metabolic alkalosis.

C) Respiratory alkalosis: In respiratory alkalosis, you would see a high pH (alkalosis) and a low PaCO2 due to hyperventilation. The given pH is low, indicating acidosis, and the PaCO2 is elevated, which is inconsistent with respiratory alkalosis.

D) Respiratory acidosis: Respiratory acidosis is characterized by a low pH (acidosis) and an elevated PaCO2 due to hypoventilation or impaired gas exchange. The client's ABG results show a low pH (7.2), a normal bicarbonate level (26 mEq/L), and an elevated PaCO2 (52 mm Hg), indicating the client is experiencing respiratory acidosis.

A. "Sit with your legs in a dependent position when in a chair." B. "Prevent dehydration by drinking at least 2.5 liters fluids each day." C. "Massage your calves after sitting for 2 hours." D. "Roll stretchy nylon stockings down to the upper part of your calves."

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) "Sit with your legs in a dependent position when in a chair."
Sitting with legs in a dependent position can decrease blood flow and increase the risk of clot formation. It's important to elevate the legs when sitting to promote venous return and reduce the risk of deep-vein thrombosis (DVT).

B) "Prevent dehydration by drinking at least 2.5 liters fluids each day."
Staying well-hydrated helps maintain good blood circulation and prevents blood from becoming too viscous, reducing the risk of clot formation. Adequate fluid intake is crucial in preventing DVT.

C) "Massage your calves after sitting for 2 hours."
Massaging the calves is not recommended for someone with a history of DVT, as it may dislodge a clot. Instead, clients should be encouraged to move or stretch their legs regularly to improve circulation.

D) "Roll stretchy nylon stockings down to the upper part of your calves."
Proper use of compression stockings involves wearing them as prescribed, which typically means keeping them fully extended to ensure consistent pressure along the leg. Rolling them down can create a tourniquet effect and is not recommended.

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A nurse is planning care for a client who has malabsorption syndrome with severe steatorrhea. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include?

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