A nurse is performing skin cancer screening on a group of clients. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication of melanoma?
Scaly lesion with a crusted appearance
Raised lesion with a rolled border
Reddened lesion with dilated blood vessels
Flat lesion with irregular borders
The Correct Answer is D
A flat lesion with irregular borders is one of the signs of melanoma, a type of skin cancer that arises from melanocytes, the cells that produce pigment. Other signs of melanoma include asymmetry, color variation, diameter greater than 6 mm, and evolution or change over time. The other options are more characteristic of other types of skin cancer or benign lesions.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
This is because older adults are at increased risk of hypothermia, which is a potentially life-threatening condition that occurs when the body temperature drops below 35° C (95° F).
Hypothermia can cause confusion, drowsiness, slurred speech, slow heartbeat, shallow breathing, and loss of consciousness. Some factors that increase the risk of hypothermia in older adults are low indoor temperature, inadequate clothing, poor nutrition, chronic illness, medication use, and social isolation.
The nurse should contact the local Department of Health and Human Services for the client to help them access resources and programs that can assist them with paying their heating bills or finding alternative housing options. The nurse should also educate the client on how to prevent hypothermia by wearing warm clothing, eating well-balanced meals, drinking warm fluids, avoiding alcohol and caffeine, and staying active.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Referred pain is pain that is felt in a location different from its source due to shared nerve pathways or central nervous system processing. A client who has pancreatitis may experience pain in the left shoulder due to irritation of the diaphragm by pancreatic enzymes or inflammation. This pain is referred from the abdominal cavity to the shoulder through the phrenic nerve.
A client who has peritonitis reports generalized abdominal pain that corresponds to the site of inflammation and infection in the peritoneum. A client who has angina reports substernal chest pain that reflects the ischemia and hypoxia of the myocardium. A client who is postoperative reports incisional pain that is caused by tissue damage and inflammation at the surgical site.
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