A nurse is monitoring a young adult client for risk-taking behavior. Which of the following statements by the client indicates they are limiting their risk-taking behavior?

"Sometimes I am exposed to toxic chemicals at my workplace, but not any that have harmed me."

"I have switched from tobacco cigarettes to electronic cigarettes"

"My job and home life are both very stressful, but I haven't been able to do anything about that."

"Two of my grandparents had diabetes, so I try to eat a healthy diet."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Risk-taking behaviors in young adults are influenced by lifestyle choices, environmental exposures, and awareness of health risks. Nurses assess for behaviors that increase long-term disease risk such as poor diet, substance use, unsafe occupational exposure, and unmanaged stress. Limiting risk-taking behavior involves adopting protective health practices that reduce the likelihood of developing chronic illness. Statements indicating preventive health actions reflect effective health promotion and risk reduction.

Rationale:
A. “Sometimes I am exposed to toxic chemicals at my workplace, but not any that have harmed me.” This indicates continued exposure to a potential occupational hazard. Even if no immediate harm is reported, repeated exposure to toxic substances increases long-term risk of respiratory disease, organ damage, or malignancy. This reflects ongoing risk rather than risk reduction.

B. “I have switched from tobacco cigarettes to electronic cigarettes.” This does not indicate true risk reduction because electronic cigarettes still expose the user to nicotine and other harmful chemicals. Vaping is associated with cardiovascular and respiratory risks and does not eliminate addiction or health consequences. This reflects substitution of one risk behavior for another rather than meaningful reduction.

C. “My job and home life are both very stressful, but I haven't been able to do anything about that.” This indicates unmanaged psychosocial stress, which is a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease, anxiety disorders, and poor coping behaviors. Failure to address stress suggests ongoing vulnerability rather than active risk reduction. This statement reflects awareness without implementation of protective strategies.

D. “Two of my grandparents had diabetes, so I try to eat a healthy diet.” This demonstrates appropriate risk reduction behavior by adopting a healthy diet in response to a family history of diabetes. Dietary modification, such as reducing refined sugars and increasing fiber intake, helps lower the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. This reflects proactive health promotion and effective lifestyle adjustment to reduce genetic and environmental risk factors.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The postpartum period involves close monitoring for complications following delivery, even when the birth is uncomplicated. One of the most serious risks during this time is thromboembolic events due to hypercoagulability, venous stasis, and vascular injury associated with pregnancy and delivery. Early recognition of warning signs is critical to prevent life-threatening conditions such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism. Nurses must distinguish normal postpartum findings from abnormal findings requiring urgent intervention.

Rationale:
A. A calf that is edematous and tender is an abnormal finding and may indicate deep vein thrombosis. Postpartum clients are at increased risk of thrombus formation due to physiological hypercoagulability. Unilateral swelling, pain, and tenderness in the calf should be reported immediately to prevent progression to pulmonary embolism, which is a medical emergency.

B. Nipple tenderness with breastfeeding is a common and expected finding in the early postpartum period. It is usually related to improper latch or initial nipple sensitivity as breastfeeding is established. This can be managed with education and support and does not require urgent reporting.

C. Hemorrhoids in the rectal area are a frequent postpartum occurrence due to increased venous pressure during pregnancy and delivery. Although they may cause discomfort, they are not typically dangerous and can be managed with conservative measures such as stool softeners and topical treatments.

D. Moderate lochia rubra 24 hours postpartum is an expected finding. Lochia rubra consists of red, bloody vaginal discharge that occurs in the early postpartum period as the uterus sheds its lining. As long as the amount is within expected limits and not excessive or foul-smelling, it is considered normal.

A. "Increase your dietary intake by 500 calories per day." B. "Limit your caffeine intake to 700 milligrams per day." C. "Consume 600 micrograms of folic acid per day." D. "Eat 40 milligrams of protein-rich foods per day."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Nutrition during pregnancy is essential for fetal growth, neural tube development, and maternal physiological adaptation. In the first trimester, appropriate intake of key micronutrients supports organogenesis and reduces the risk of congenital anomalies. Folic acid is particularly important during early gestation because it helps prevent neural tube defects such as spina bifida. Dietary recommendations are based on established prenatal nutritional guidelines that ensure both maternal and fetal health.

Rationale:
A. Increasing dietary intake by 500 calories per day is not recommended at 12 weeks of gestation. Caloric requirements typically do not significantly increase until the second and third trimesters, when fetal growth accelerates. Early pregnancy focuses more on nutrient quality rather than increased caloric intake.

B. Limiting caffeine intake to 700 milligrams per day is incorrect because this amount is too high for pregnancy safety guidelines. Excess caffeine intake has been associated with risks such as miscarriage and low birth weight. One should limit caffeine to about 200 mg per day during pregnancy.

C. Consuming 600 micrograms of folic acid daily is the correct recommendation during pregnancy. Folic acid is essential for DNA synthesis and proper neural tube formation, especially during the first trimester. Adequate intake significantly reduces the risk of neural tube defects and supports healthy fetal development.

D. Eating 40 milligrams of protein-rich foods per day is incorrect because this amount is far below the recommended protein intake for pregnancy. Pregnant individuals require increased protein intake, typically about 60–75 grams per day, to support fetal tissue growth and maternal blood volume expansion. This value does not meet physiological needs.

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A nurse is monitoring a young adult client for risk-taking behavior. Which of the following statements by the client indicates they are limiting their risk-taking behavior?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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