A nurse is meeting with a new client at a substance use disorder clinic. During the meeting, the client states that they have been using cocaine at least once daily for the past 6 months. The nurse is collecting which of the following types of data from the client's account?

A. The addition of mood disorder symptoms: Schizophreniform disorder may have mood symptoms, but they are not a defining feature. In contrast, mood disorders are more characteristic of schizoaffective disorder, which involves significant mood disturbances alongside psychotic symptoms.
B. Less intense and frequent symptoms: Symptoms of schizophreniform disorder are generally similar in intensity to those seen in schizophrenia. The disorder can present with significant psychotic symptoms that are not necessarily less intense or frequent.
C. A greater ability to distinguish between reality and symptoms: Individuals with schizophreniform disorder typically have a significant impairment in reality testing. They may have difficulty distinguishing between their symptoms and reality, similar to those with schizophrenia.
D. A duration of symptoms from one to six months: Schizophreniform disorder is characterized by the presence of psychotic symptoms lasting at least one month but less than six months. This duration is crucial for the diagnosis and differentiates it from schizophrenia, which involves symptoms persisting for six months or longer.

A. Paranoia: Paranoia is classified as a positive symptom of schizophrenia. It involves the presence of irrational fears and beliefs that others are plotting against the individual, which signifies an addition of abnormal thoughts or behaviors.
B. Distorted beliefs: Distorted beliefs, such as delusions, are also considered positive symptoms. They represent an alteration in thought processes and an addition of false beliefs that are not grounded in reality.
C. Confusion: Confusion may arise from various factors, including cognitive disturbances or acute psychotic episodes, but it is not classified as a negative symptom. It typically reflects disorganized thinking rather than a deficiency in emotional or behavioral responses.
D. Lack of emotions: A lack of emotions, also known as flat affect, is a clear example of a negative symptom of schizophrenia. Negative symptoms are characterized by a reduction or absence of normal emotional responses, which can impact the individual's ability to express feelings and engage socially.