A nurse is instructing a client newly diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) about the use of antitubercular medications.
What information should the nurse include in the teaching?
The client’s family will also need to take medications to prevent infection.
A typical course of treatment involves 6 to 9 months of consistent medication use.
Medications will need to be taken for the rest of the client’s life, even if the client feels better.
Medications will need to be taken until the Mantoux test is negative.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale:
While it’s important for the client’s family to be aware of the disease and take precautions, they do not necessarily need to take medications to prevent infection. Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious disease, but it typically requires close and prolonged contact to spread. Family members should be tested for TB, and if they test positive, then treatment would be necessary.
Choice B rationale:
This is the correct answer. A typical course of treatment for TB involves 6 to 9 months of consistent medication use. This is because TB bacteria die very slowly, and medications need to be taken for several months to ensure that all the bacteria are killed. If treatment is stopped too soon, some bacteria may survive and become resistant to the drugs.
Choice C rationale:
It’s not accurate to say that medications will need to be taken for the rest of the client’s life. While TB treatment is lengthy, it does not continue indefinitely. Once the full course of treatment is completed and the disease is cured, further medication is not typically necessary.
Choice D rationale:
The Mantoux test, also known as the tuberculin skin test, is used to determine whether a person has TB infection. However, the test can remain positive for a long time, even after successful treatment. Therefore, medications should not be taken until the Mantoux test is negative. Instead, the duration of treatment is determined by the healthcare provider based on various factors, including the patient’s response to the medication.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
The correct answer is Choice D.
Let’s go through the calculations step by step:
Step 1: Convert all the quantities to milliliters (mL), as the nurse needs to record the intake in mL. We know that 1 oz is approximately 29.5735 mL.
4 oz of juice = 4 × 29.5735 mL = 118.294 mL
6 oz of tea = 6 × 29.5735 mL = 177.861 mL 8 oz of broth = 8 × 29.5735 mL = 236.628 mL Step 2: Add all the quantities together:
118.294 mL (juice) + 177.861 mL (tea) + 100 mL (soda) + 150 mL (IV bolus) + 236.628 mL (broth) = 783.783 mL Step 3: Round off the total intake to the nearest whole number as required, which gives us 784 mL.
Therefore, the nurse should record 784 mL on the patient’s chart. However, this option is not available in the choices given. The closest option to this calculated value is 800 mL (Choice D).
Now, let’s discuss the rationales for each choice:
Choice A rationale:
500 mL would be an underestimate of the patient’s fluid intake. It does not account for all the fluids the patient consumed.
Choice B rationale:
600 mL, similar to Choice A, is an underestimate. It does not accurately represent the total volume of fluids the patient consumed. Choice C rationale:
700 mL is closer to the calculated intake but is still an underestimate. It does not fully account for all the fluids the patient consumed.
Choice D rationale:
800 mL is the closest option to the calculated intake of 784 mL. Although it’s slightly over the actual intake, it’s the best choice among the given options.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Fluconazole Fluconazole is an antifungal medication used to treat and prevent fungal infections. It works by stopping the growth of certain types of fungus. However, it is not effective against bacterial infections such as anthrax.
Choice B rationale:
Tobramycin Tobramycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used to treat various types of bacterial infections, particularly Gramnegative infections. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria. However, it is not typically used to treat anthrax.
Choice C rationale:
Ciprofloxacin Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic used for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections. This includes bone and joint infections, intra-abdominal infections, certain type of infectious diarrhea, respiratory tract infections, skin infections, typhoid fever, and urinary tract infections, among others. For the treatment of anthrax, ciprofloxacin is one of the antibiotics that could be used. It works by killing the anthrax or by stopping the anthrax from growing. When the anthrax can’t grow anymore, it dies.
Choice D rationale:
Vancomycin Vancomycin is an antibiotic used to treat a number of bacterial infections. It is recommended intravenously as a treatment for complicated skin infections, bloodstream infections, endocarditis, bone and joint infections, and meningitis caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. However, it is not typically used to treat anthrax.
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