A nurse is evaluating a patient who is suffering from prostatic hypertrophy.
What symptoms associated with urinary retention should the nurse anticipate? (Choose all that apply)

Choice A rationale

Confusion or disorientation can be a normal part of the dying process. As the body systems start to shut down, changes in mental status, including confusion, can occur.

Choice B rationale

Sundowning is a phenomenon that is typically associated with dementia, particularly Alzheimer’s disease, and is characterized by confusion and agitation that gets worse in the late afternoon and evening. It is not specifically associated with the dying process.

Choice C rationale

While anxiety can occur at any stage of illness, it is not the most appropriate response in this context. The family member is specifically asking about confusion, not anxiety.

Choice D rationale

Needing more rest could be a part of the dying process, but it does not directly address the family member’s concern about confusion.

Choice A rationale

Amoxicillin-clavulanate is a type of antibiotic that falls under the class of penicillin antibiotics. If a patient is allergic to penicillin, they should not take amoxicillin as it belongs to the penicillin class of antibiotics and must be avoided. Therefore, if a nurse is caring for a child who is allergic to penicillin, they should verify a prescription for amoxicillin-clavulanate with the provider.

Choice B rationale

Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic, not a penicillin antibiotic. Therefore, it is generally safe for use in patients with a penicillin allergy.

Choice C rationale

Erythromycin is a macrolide antibiotic, not a penicillin antibiotic. Therefore, it is generally safe for use in patients with a penicillin allergy.

Choice D rationale

Amphotericin B is an antifungal medication, not an antibiotic. Therefore, it is generally safe for use in patients with a penicillin allergy.