A nurse is educating a client about the two main types of antipsychotics. Select all that apply:
First-generation antipsychotics have a high affinity for dopamine D2 receptors and a low affinity for serotonin 5-HT2A receptors.
Second-generation antipsychotics have a low affinity for dopamine D2 receptors and a high affinity for serotonin 5-HT2A receptors.
First-generation antipsychotics have a low affinity for dopamine D2 receptors and a high affinity for serotonin 5-HT2A receptors.
Second-generation antipsychotics have a high affinity for dopamine D2 receptors and a low affinity for serotonin 5-HT2A receptors.
Both first-generation and second-generation antipsychotics have a high affinity for both dopamine D2 and serotonin 5-HT2A receptors.
Correct Answer : B
Second-generation antipsychotics have a low affinity for dopamine D2 receptors and a high affinity for serotonin 5-HT2A receptors. This means that they block less dopamine and more serotonin in the brain, which reduces the risk of extrapyramidal side effects and improves negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
Choice A is wrong because first-generation antipsychotics have a high affinity for dopamine D2 receptors and a low affinity for serotonin 5-HT2A receptors. This means that they block more dopamine and less serotonin in the brain, which increases the risk of extrapyramidal side effects and does not improve negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
Choice C is wrong because it is the opposite of choice A. First-generation antipsychotics do not have a low affinity for dopamine D2 receptors and a high affinity for serotonin 5-HT2A receptors.
Choice D is wrong because it is the opposite of choice B. Second-generation antipsychotics do not have a high affinity for dopamine D2 receptors and a low affinity for serotonin 5-HT2A receptors.
Choice E is wrong because both first-generation and second-generation antipsychotics do not have a high affinity for both dopamine D2 and serotonin 5-HT2A receptors. They have different affinities for these receptors, which account for their different effects and side effects.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["B"]
Explanation
Second-generation antipsychotics have a low affinity for dopamine D2 receptors and a high affinity for serotonin 5-HT2A receptors.This means that they block less dopamine and more serotonin in the brain, which reduces the risk of extrapyramidal side effects and improves negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
Choice A is wrong because first-generation antipsychotics have a high affinity for dopamine D2 receptors and a low affinity for serotonin 5-HT2A receptors.This means that they block more dopamine and less serotonin in the brain, which increases the risk of extrapyramidal side effects and does not improve negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
Choice C is wrong because it is the opposite of choice A.First-generation antipsychotics do not have a low affinity for dopamine D2 receptors and a high affinity for serotonin 5-HT2A receptors.
Choice D is wrong because it is the opposite of choice B.Second-generation antipsychotics do not have a high affinity for dopamine D2 receptors and a low affinity for serotonin 5-HT2A receptors.
Choice E is wrong because both first-generation and second-generation antipsychotics do not have a high affinity for both dopamine D2 and serotonin 5-HT2A receptors.They have different affinities for these receptors, which account for their different effects and side effects.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Drowsiness is a common adverse effect of antipsychotics, especially in the first few weeks of treatment.Antipsychotics block dopamine receptors in the brain, which can cause sedation and fatigue.
Choice B is wrong because antipsychotics usually increase appetite, not decrease it.This can lead to weight gain and metabolic problems.
Choice C is wrong because antipsychotics do not cause increased energy and restlessness.These symptoms may indicate a manic episode or akathisia, which is a movement disorder that can be caused by antipsychotics.
Choice D is wrong because antipsychotics do not directly improve mood. They are used to treat psychotic symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions.Mood stabilizers or antidepressants may be needed to treat mood disorders.
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