A nurse is educating a client about ibuprofen, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), that has been prescribed for moderate pain and inflammation. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.).

Take ibuprofen with food or milk to prevent gastric irritation.

Drink at least 2 liters of fluid per day to prevent renal impairment.

Avoid alcohol and other NSAIDs to prevent bleeding complications.

Report any signs of hypersensitivity such as rash, itching, or wheezing.

Monitor blood pressure and report any significant increase or decrease.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C,D

The correct answer is choice A, B, C, and D. Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that has anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic effects. It works by inhibiting the synthesis of prostaglandins, which are involved in inflammation, pain, and fever. However, ibuprofen can also cause adverse effects such as gastric irritation, bleeding complications, renal impairment, and hypersensitivity reactions.

Therefore, the nurse should instruct the client to:

• Take ibuprofen with food or milk to prevent gastric irritation. This will reduce the direct contact of the drug with the stomach lining and decrease the risk of ulcers and bleeding.

• Drink at least 2 liters of fluid per day to prevent renal impairment. This will help maintain adequate hydration and renal perfusion and prevent the accumulation of ibuprofen in the kidneys.

• Avoid alcohol and other NSAIDs to prevent bleeding complications. Alcohol and other NSAIDs can increase the risk of gastric bleeding by interfering with the protective effects of prostaglandins on the stomach mucosa.

• Report any signs of hypersensitivity such as rash, itching, or wheezing. These may indicate an allergic reaction to ibuprofen that can be serious or life-threatening.

Choice E is wrong because ibuprofen does not affect blood pressure significantly. However, some other NSAIDs such as celecoxib may increase the risk of cardiovascular events such as thrombosis, myocardial infarction, and stroke. Therefore, clients with hypertension or cardiovascular disease should use NSAIDs with caution and monitor their blood pressure regularly.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The correct answer is choice C.The client should take this medicationregularlyas prescribed to maintain a steady level of analgesia and prevent breakthrough pain.

Taking the medication only when the pain is severe can lead to inadequate pain relief and increased side effects.

Choice A is wrong because drinking plenty of fluids and eating high-fiber foods can help prevent constipation, which is a common adverse effect of opioids.

Choice B is wrong because avoiding driving or operating heavy machinery is a safety precaution for clients taking opioids, as they can cause drowsiness and impaired judgment.

Choice D is wrong because reporting any signs of allergic reaction is an important instruction for clients taking any medication, especially opioids, which can cause severe hypersensitivity reactions.

A. Respiratory rate: 10 breaths/min B. Blood pressure: 110/70 mm Hg C. Heart rate: 72 beats/min D. Temperature: 37°C.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The correct answer is choice A) Respiratory rate: 10 breaths/min.This indicates that the patient may be experiencing respiratory depression, which is a serious adverse effect of buprenorphine and other opioids.

Respiratory depression can lead to hypoxia, brain damage, or death if not treated promptly.

The normal respiratory rate for adults is 12 to 20 breaths/min.

Choice B) Blood pressure: 110/70 mm Hg is wrong because this is within the normal range for adults, which is 90/60 to 120/80 mm Hg.Buprenorphine can cause hypotension as a side effect, but this is not evident in this case.

Choice C) Heart rate: 72 beats/min is wrong because this is also within the normal range for adults, which is 60 to 100 beats/min.Buprenorphine can cause bradycardia as a side effect, but this is not evident in this case.

Choice D) Temperature: 37°C is wrong because this is the normal body temperature for humans.Buprenorphine can cause hyperthermia as a side effect, but this is not evident in this case.

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A nurse is educating a client about ibuprofen, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), that has been prescribed for moderate pain and inflammation. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.).

Nursing Test Bank

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

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