A nurse is developing a client education program about osteoporosis for older adult clients.

The nurse should include which of the following variables as a risk factor for osteoporosis?

Choice A rationale:

Initiating IV access on the palmar side of the client's wrist is not recommended. This area has many delicate structures and is prone to complications such as nerve damage. Choosing a safer, larger vein proximal to the wrist is a better practice.

Choice B rationale:

Inserting a larger gauge IV catheter is not necessary unless the client's condition or prescribed therapy specifically requires it. Using an unnecessarily large catheter can cause discomfort and increase the risk of complications, such as phlebitis.

Choice C rationale:

Choosing the client's dominant arm for IV access whenever possible is not a universally appropriate guideline. The choice of the arm should depend on the condition of the veins and the individual patient's circumstances. The nurse should assess both arms and choose the one with the most suitable and accessible veins.

Choice D rationale:

Selecting a site proximal to previous venipuncture sites is the correct action. Repeated venipuncture in the same area can cause phlebitis and compromise the integrity of the veins. Selecting a new site proximal to previous punctures helps to preserve vein health and reduce the risk of complications.

Choice A rationale:

Limiting fluid intake to 1 liter per day can lead to dehydration and other health complications. It is important for the client to maintain adequate hydration, especially postpartum. This option is incorrect and potentially harmful.

Choice B rationale:

Manual expression of milk can help relieve engorgement without stimulating further milk production. This method allows the client to express milk as needed. However, it can be done even before engorgment occurs

Choice C rationale:

Wearing a snug-fitting bra can provide support and comfort.

Choice D rationale:

Applying moist heat to the breasts can stimulate milk production and relieve engorgement. However, in this case, the client wants to suppress lactation. Therefore, this option is not appropriate and may have the opposite effect of increasing milk production.