A nurse is creating a plan of care for prostate screening in high-risk populations. Which of the following is an important consideration?
Prostate cancer mortality is more than double for Black American males than for other groups.
Occupational toxic exposure among factory workers increases rates of prostate cancer.
Dietary factors can increase the risk of prostate cancer mortality by as much as 50%.
The best way to determine prostate cancer risk is to have a computed tomography scan.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Prostate cancer mortality is more than double for Black American males than for other groups. This is a significant consideration when creating a plan of care for prostate screening in high- risk populations. Black American males have a higher incidence and mortality rate of prostate cancer compared to other racial and ethnic groups. This disparity is attributed to a combination of genetic, socioeconomic, and healthcare access factors. Therefore, targeted screening and early detection efforts are crucial for this high-risk population to improve outcomes and reduce mortality rates.
Choice B rationale
Occupational toxic exposure among factory workers can increase the risk of various cancers, including prostate cancer. However, this is not the most important consideration when creating a plan of care for prostate screening in high-risk populations. While occupational exposure is a risk factor, it does not have the same level of impact on prostate cancer incidence and mortality as race and family history. Screening efforts should prioritize those with the highest risk, such as Black American males and individuals with a family history of prostate cancer.
Choice C rationale
Dietary factors can influence the risk of prostate cancer, but the impact is not as significant as other risk factors such as race and family history. While a healthy diet is important for overall health and may help reduce cancer risk, it is not the primary consideration for prostate screening in high-risk populations. Screening efforts should focus on those with the highest risk based on genetic and demographic factors, rather than dietary habits alone.
Choice D rationale
A computed tomography (CT) scan is not the best way to determine prostate cancer risk. The primary screening method for prostate cancer is the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) blood test, often combined with a digital rectal exam (DRE). CT scans are not typically used for initial screening but may be employed for further evaluation if there are abnormal findings on PSA or DRE. The focus should be on using established screening methods to identify high-risk individuals and provide early detection and intervention.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Take temperature weekly. This statement is incorrect. Clients with neutropenia should monitor their temperature daily, not weekly, because they are at high risk for infections. A fever can be an early sign of infection, and prompt detection is crucial for timely treatment.
Choice B rationale
Perform mild exercise, such as gardening. This statement is incorrect. While mild exercise can be beneficial, activities like gardening can expose neutropenic clients to soil and plants that may harbor bacteria and fungi, increasing the risk of infection.
Choice C rationale
Avoid crowds. This statement is correct. Neutropenic clients are highly susceptible to infections due to their weakened immune systems. Avoiding crowded places reduces the risk of exposure to pathogens that can cause infections.
Choice D rationale
Eat plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables. This statement is incorrect. While fresh fruits and vegetables are generally healthy, they can harbor bacteria and other pathogens that pose a risk for neutropenic individuals. It is often recommended that neutropenic clients eat cooked or canned fruits and vegetables instead.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Bubbling of the water in the water seal chamber with exhalation. This statement is incorrect. Bubbling in the water seal chamber with exhalation can be normal and indicates that air is being expelled from the pleural space. It is not necessarily a cause for concern.
Choice B rationale
Eyelets are not visible. This statement is incorrect. The visibility of eyelets on the chest tube is not a standard indicator for notifying the provider. The focus should be on the function of the chest tube and the patient’s clinical status.
Choice C rationale
Movement of the trachea toward the unaffected side. This statement is correct. Tracheal deviation toward the unaffected side can indicate a tension pneumothorax, a life-threatening condition that requires immediate medical attention. It suggests that pressure is building up in the pleural space, compressing the lung and shifting the trachea.
Choice D rationale
Crepitus in the area above and surrounding the insertion site. This statement is incorrect. Crepitus, or subcutaneous emphysema, can occur when air leaks into the subcutaneous tissue around the chest tube insertion site. While it should be monitored, it is not necessarily an emergency requiring immediate notification of the provider.
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