A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who is pregnant and reports having trouble sleeping.
Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Lie on your left side with your top leg forward.
Soak in a bathtub of hot water each night.
Obtain a prescription for pramipexole.
Use a transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulator.
The Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A .Lie on your left side with your top leg forward
During pregnancy, it is generally recommended for pregnant individuals to sleep on their left side. This position promotes optimal blood flow and circulation to the uterus and placenta, which is beneficial for both the mother and the baby. Placing the top leg forward can help maintain a comfortable and supported position.
Soaking in a bathtub of hot water each night in (option B) is not recommended during pregnancy, as excessive heat from hot baths or saunas can potentially harm the developing fetus. Pregnant individuals should avoid prolonged exposure to hot temperatures.
Obtaining a prescription for pramipexole in (option C) is not a standard intervention for addressing trouble sleeping during pregnancy. Pramipexole is a medication used for the treatment of Parkinson's disease and restless legs syndrome, and its use during pregnancy should be evaluated on a case-by-case basis under the guidance of a healthcare provider.
Using a transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulator (TENS) in (option D) is not typically indicated for sleep difficulties during pregnancy. TENS units are commonly used for pain management, and their use for sleep problems during pregnancy is not a standard recommendation.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) is a condition where a blood clot forms in a deep vein, usually in the legs. Bed rest is often recommended for clients with DVT to reduce the risk of the clot dislodging and causing a pulmonary embolism. By minimizing movement and keeping the leg elevated, the nurse can help prevent further complications.
The other options listed are incorrect:
- Massage the affected extremity every 4 hours: Massaging the affected extremity can dislodge the clot, increasing the risk of a pulmonary embolism. It is contraindicated and should not be performed in clients with DVT.
- Apply an ice pack to the affected extremity for 20 minutes every 2 hours: While applying cold compresses or ice packs may be useful in some situations to reduce swelling or pain, it is not recommended for clients with DVT. Heat application or cold application should be avoided because they can promote blood circulation and potentially dislodge the clot.
- Administer aspirin for pain: Aspirin is not typically used for pain management in DVT. Anticoagulant therapy is the primary treatment for DVT, and specific anticoagulant medications are prescribed to prevent further clot formation and reduce the risk of complications.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Explanation
D. Muscle cramps
Hyponatremia is a condition characterized by low levels of sodium in the blood. Sodium plays a crucial role in maintaining fluid balance and nerve and muscle function. When sodium levels are low, it can lead to imbalances in fluid levels and cause muscle cramps and weakness.
Constipation in (option A) is incorrect because it is more commonly associated with other conditions such as dehydration or electrolyte imbalances like hypercalcemia.
Blurred vision in (option B) is not a typical finding in hyponatremia. Visual disturbances may occur in severe cases, but they are not a consistent symptom.
Hypertension (high blood pressure) in (option C) is not typically associated with hyponatremia. In fact, hyponatremia can sometimes lead to low blood pressure (hypotension) due to the fluid imbalances it causes.
Therefore, the nurse should expect muscle cramps (option D) as a finding in a client with hyponatremia due to the disruption of fluid balance and its impact on muscle function.
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