A nurse is collecting data from a patient who has dehydration. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Moist skin
Dark-colored urine
High blood pressure
Distended neck veins
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Moist skin is not a sign of dehydration, but rather a sign of adequate hydration or sweating. Dehydration can cause dry skin, mucous membranes, and lips.
Choice B reason: Dark-colored urine is a sign of dehydration, as it indicates a high concentration of waste products and a low volume of water in the urine. Dehydration can cause the kidneys to conserve water and produce less urine.
Choice C reason: High blood pressure is not a sign of dehydration, but rather a sign of fluid overload or other factors such as stress, pain, or medication. Dehydration can cause low blood pressure, as it reduces the blood volume and the cardiac output.
Choice D reason: Distended neck veins are not a sign of dehydration, but rather a sign of fluid overload or right-sided heart failure. Dehydration can cause flat neck veins, as it reduces the venous return and the central venous pressure.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: This is incorrect because 95-110 mg/dL is the normal range of serum phosphorus level in adults, not chloride. Phosphorus is an electrolyte that is involved in energy metabolism, acid-base balance, and bone formation.
Choice B reason: This is incorrect because 10-120 mEq/L is not a realistic range for any electrolyte level in the blood. The units of mEq/L indicate the concentration of ions, not the mass of the substance. The normal range of serum chloride level in adults is expressed in mEq/L, not mg/dL.
Choice C reason: This is correct because 96-106 mEq/L is the normal range of serum chloride level in adults. Chloride is an electrolyte that is important for fluid balance, acid-base balance, and nerve transmission.
Choice D reason: This is incorrect because 1.8-2.6 mEq/L is the normal range of serum magnesium level in adults, not chloride. Magnesium is an electrolyte that is important for muscle and nerve function, as well as enzyme activity.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: This is correct because respiratory acidosis is a condition where the blood pH is lower than the normal range of 7.35 to 7.45, due to impaired gas exchange or hypoventilation, which causes carbon dioxide to accumulate in the blood. COPD is a chronic lung disease that obstructs the airways and reduces the oxygen intake and carbon dioxide output. This leads to respiratory acidosis in the patient.
Choice B reason: This is incorrect because respiratory alkalosis is a condition where the blood pH is higher than the normal range of 7.35 to 7.45, due to hyperventilation, which lowers the carbon dioxide in the blood. COPD does not cause hyperventilation, but rather hypoventilation.
Choice C reason: This is incorrect because metabolic alkalosis is a condition where the blood pH is higher than the normal range of 7.35 to 7.45, due to a loss of acids or an excess of bases in the body. COPD does not affect the metabolic system directly, but rather the respiratory system.
Choice D reason: This is incorrect because metabolic acidosis is a condition where the blood pH is lower than the normal range of 7.35 to 7.45, due to an excess of acids or a loss of bases in the body. COPD does not affect the metabolic system directly, but rather the respiratory system.
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