A nurse is collecting data from a client who is receiving epidural anesthesia. Which of the following findings indicates an adverse effect of this method of pain management?

Tachycardia

Fever

Tachypnea

Hypertension

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Rationale:

A. Tachycardia is not a common or direct adverse effect of epidural anesthesia itself. While a rapid heart rate may occur secondary to maternal anxiety or as a compensatory response to hypotension, it is not the primary physiological marker for epidural complications. Heart rate typically remains stable or may decrease slightly as pain is relieved and sympathetic activity is modulated.

B. Fever is a documented potential adverse effect associated with epidural anesthesia, particularly during labor. The exact mechanism is multifactorial, potentially involving altered thermoregulation, reduced heat dissipation due to sympathetic blockade, or a non-infectious inflammatory response. Clinicians must distinguish this pharmacological pyrexia from maternal infection to ensure appropriate neonatal and maternal management following the delivery.

C. Tachypnea, or an increased respiratory rate, is generally not associated with epidural anesthesia. In fact, if the anesthesia level rises too high, it can lead to respiratory depression or a decreased rate due to the blockade of intercostal muscle nerves. Effective epidural analgesia usually promotes a more relaxed, normal breathing pattern by successfully alleviating the physiological stress and hyperventilation caused by acute pain.

D. Hypertension is the opposite of the expected vascular response to epidural anesthesia. The local anesthetic typically causes a sympathetic blockade, leading to peripheral vasodilation and a significant risk of maternal hypotension rather than high blood pressure. Monitoring blood pressure is a critical nursing priority because decreased systemic vascular resistance can compromise placental perfusion and lead to fetal heart rate decelerations.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is A,E,B,C,D

Explanation

Proper procedure for a heel stick includes:

A) Confirming the newborn's identity before any procedure. the nurse should confirm the newborn's identity by checking the identification band and asking the mother or caregiver to verify the name and date of birth.
E) The nurse should warm the newborn's heel by placing a warm compress or a heel warmer on the site for 3 to 5 minutes. This will increase blood flow and reduce pain.
B) Cleansing the site with an antiseptic to reduce the risk of infection. the nurse should cleanse the site with an antiseptic, such as alcohol or chlorhexidine, and let it air dry. The nurse should avoid using iodine, as it can interfere with some laboratory tests.

C) The nurse should pierce the newborn's heel with a sterile lancet, making sure to avoid the central area of the heel, where there are more nerves and bones. The nurse should use a single-use device that retracts automatically after use to prevent needlestick injuries.
D) The nurse should apply gentle pressure to the site with dry gauze to facilitate blood flow and collect the specimen in the appropriate container. The nurse should avoid squeezing or milking the site, as this can cause hemolysis or tissue damage.
E) The nurse should label the specimen with the newborn's name, date of birth, date and time of collection, and type of test. The nurse should also document the procedure in the newborn's chart, noting any difficulties or complications.

A. Urinary retention B. Respiratory rate 11/min C. BP 105/62 mm Hg D. Blurred vision

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) Incorrect- Urinary retention can be a concern but is not as immediately life-threatening as respiratory depression.
B) Correct - A respiratory rate of 11/min is significantly lower than the normal range and indicates respiratory depression, which can be life-threatening. It requires immediate attention.
C) Incorrect- A blood pressure of 105/62 mm Hg is within a normal range for an adolescent and does not require immediate intervention.
D) Incorrect- Blurred vision might be a side effect of medications, but respiratory depression takes priority due to its potential to lead to serious complications.

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A nurse is collecting data from a client who is receiving epidural anesthesia. Which of the following findings indicates an adverse effect of this method of pain management?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is preparing to collect a blood specimen from a newborn via a heel stick. Identify the sequence of steps the nurse should follow. (Move the steps into the box on the right, placing them in the order of performance. Use all the steps.)

Correct Answer is A,E,B,C,D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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