A nurse is collecting data from a client who has diabetes mellitus. The client is confused, flushed, and has an acetone odor on his breath. The nurse should anticipate a prescription for which of the following types of insulin to treat the client?

Lantus

NPH

Regular

Lispro

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A Reason: Lantus is not a type of insulin that can treat this client, as it is a long-acting insulin that has no peak effect and lasts for 24 hours.

Choice B Reason: NPH is not a type of insulin that can treat this client, as it is an intermediate-acting insulin that peaks in 6 to 8 hours and lasts for 12 to 18 hours.

Choice C Reason: Regular is a type of insulin that can treat this client, as it is a short-acting insulin that peaks in 2 to 4 hours and lasts for 6 to 8 hours. It can be used to correct high blood glucose levels and treat diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), which is indicated by confusion, flushing, and acetone breath.

Choice D Reason: Lispro is not a type of insulin that can treat this client, as it is a rapid-acting insulin that peaks in 30 minutes and lasts for 3 to 5 hours. It can be used to cover meals or snacks but not to treat DKA.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A Reason: Instituting measures to prevent infection is the highest priority in providing care to this client, as AIDS impairs the immune system and makes the client susceptible to opportunistic infections that can be life-threatening.

Choice B Reason: Providing emotional support is an important aspect of providing care to this client, but it is not the highest priority, as it does not address the physical needs of the client.

Choice C Reason: Identifying risk factors related to contracting AIDS is not relevant for providing care to this client, as it does not help to improve the current condition or prevent complications.

Choice D Reason: Discussing the cause of AIDS is not essential for providing care to this client, as it does not affect the treatment or prognosis of the disease.

A. Hypertension B. Fluid retention C. Elevated blood glucose D. Increased urine output

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A Reason: Hypertension is not a common finding in diabetes insipidus, but it may indicate increased intracranial pressure or other complications.

Choice B Reason: Fluid retention is not a common finding in diabetes insipidus, but it may indicate syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) or heart failure.

Choice C Reason: Elevated blood glucose is not a common finding in diabetes insipidus, but it may indicate diabetes mellitus or hyperglycemia.

Choice D Reason: Increased urine output is a common finding in diabetes insipidus, as the lack of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) causes the kidneys to excrete large amounts of diluted urine.

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A nurse is collecting data from a client who has diabetes mellitus. The client is confused, flushed, and has an acetone odor on his breath. The nurse should anticipate a prescription for which of the following types of insulin to treat the client?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is A

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Correct Answer is D

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