A nurse is collecting data from a client who has been taking diazepam several times per day but recently ran out of the medication.
Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as a manifestation of withdrawal from diazepam?

Choice A rationale:

Hypernatremia (high sodium levels) is not a common side effect of spironolactone. Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic and does not typically affect sodium levels.

Choice B rationale:

Hyperkalemia (high potassium levels) is a potential adverse effect of spironolactone. As a potassium-sparing diuretic, spironolactone can cause an increase in serum potassium levels.

Choice C rationale:

Hypophosphatemia (low phosphate levels) is not typically associated with spironolactone use.

Choice D rationale:

Hypocalcemia (low calcium levels) is also not a common side effect of spironolactone.

Choice A rationale:

Levalbuterol is a bronchodilator that relaxes muscles in the airways and increases air flow to the lungs. Therefore, a decrease in wheezing is a therapeutic effect of the medication, making this the correct choice.

Choice B rationale:

While levalbuterol can cause an increase in respiratory rate as a side effect, it is not considered a therapeutic effect of the medication. The primary goal of levalbuterol is to improve breathing by relaxing the muscles of the airways, not to increase respiratory rate.

Choice C rationale:

Levalbuterol does not directly affect nausea. It is primarily used to treat conditions related to breathing such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Choice D rationale:

An increased heart rate is a potential side effect of levalbuterol, not a therapeutic effect.