A nurse is administering spironolactone at 0800 to a client who has heart failure.
The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?
Hypernatremia.
Hyperkalemia.
Hypophosphatemia.
Hypocalcemia.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale:
Hypernatremia (high sodium levels) is not a common side effect of spironolactone. Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic and does not typically affect sodium levels.
Choice B rationale:
Hyperkalemia (high potassium levels) is a potential adverse effect of spironolactone. As a potassium-sparing diuretic, spironolactone can cause an increase in serum potassium levels.
Choice C rationale:
Hypophosphatemia (low phosphate levels) is not typically associated with spironolactone use.
Choice D rationale:
Hypocalcemia (low calcium levels) is also not a common side effect of spironolactone.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Montelukast does not improve peripheral vasodilation. It is a leukotriene receptor antagonist used to reduce inflammation in the airways.
Choice B rationale:
Montelukast does not increase the WBC count. It works by reducing inflammation in the airways, not by affecting the immune system.
Choice C rationale:
Montelukast does not neutralize gastric acid. It is not an antacid or proton pump inhibitor, it is used to reduce inflammation in the airways.
Choice D rationale:
Montelukast reduces bronchial inflammation. It helps to prevent asthma attacks and exercise-induced bronchoconstriction by reducing inflammation in the airways.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Administering an IV fluid bolus can help increase blood volume and thus increase blood pressure, which can alleviate symptoms of dizziness and lightheadedness. This is a common side effect of ramipril, especially after the first dose.
Choice B rationale:
Naloxone is an opioid antagonist and is not relevant in this context. It’s used to reverse the effects of opioid overdose, not to treat symptoms associated with antihypertensive medications.
Choice C rationale:
Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine used to treat allergic reactions or insomnia, not symptoms associated with antihypertensive medications.
Choice D rationale:
Administering 15 g of carbohydrates would be appropriate for a hypoglycemic patient, not for a patient experiencing dizziness and lightheadedness due to antihypertensive medication.
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